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Phenethylamine: History, Chemistry & Pharmacology

Phenethylamine (PEA) is an organic compound, natural monoamine alkaloid, and trace amine, which acts as a central nervous system stimulant in humans. In the brain, phenethylamine regulates monoamine neurotransmission by binding to trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) and inhibiting vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) in monoamine neurons. To a…

Language: English [EN]
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Phenethylamine topic overview

The analysis highlights History, Chemistry and Pharmacology as prominent areas in the source structure around Phenethylamine. 1 topic appears in more than one source area, which can help identify connections that are less obvious in a linear reading.

Related topics
185
Source areas
5
Connected nodes
191
Extracted relationships
109
Concept neighborhoods
35
Bridge connections
191

What this topic covers Research coverage

Source areas are shown by the number of related topics found in each part of the analysis. Use smaller areas too: they can reveal specialized angles and content gaps.

Overview · 87 topics
Chemistry · 73 topics
Pharmacology · 14 topics
Natural occurrence · 8 topics
History · 4 topics

Smaller areas are not necessarily less important. They contain fewer connections in this analysis and can be useful for finding specialized angles or coverage gaps.

Key facts & relationships

High-confidence facts extracted from structured source data. Use them as anchors for further research.

3D model (JSmol)
Interactive image
Addiction liability
None–low (w/o an MAO-B inhibitor) Moderate (with an MAO-B inhibitor)
ATC code
None
Biosynthesis
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC)
Boiling point
195 °C (383 °F)
CAS Number
64-04-0 Y

Explore all related topics Closing gaps

Browse the complete topic structure, not only the most central items. Less prominent entities and concepts can reveal missing angles, specialized context and useful research gaps. Each item opens a new analysis centered on that subject.

Overview

Natural occurrence

Chemistry

Pharmacology

History

Advanced semantic analysis

Deeper signals for content research, entity SEO and topical coverage. The plain-language headings explain what each technical view is useful for.

How Phenethylamine connects Entity context

The extracted context around Phenethylamine shows recurring relationship patterns in the source. For example, Phenethylamine → AANAT, AOC2, AOC3, By, FMO3, In, MAO-A, MAO-B, MAOI, N-acetyltransferase, N-Methylphenethylamine, N-methyltransferase, PEA, Phenylacetaldehyde, Phenylacetic, PNMT, SSAOs, When Another extracted example is Phenethylamine → ADHD, An ADHD, Because, Brain, Endogenous, In, L-phenylalanine, MAO-B, Monoamine, PEA, Reviews, Similarly, These, Thirty, Two. Use these groups to spot repeated connection types before inspecting the individual relationships.

Phenethylamine

Top relations

related to Pharmacokinetics · 18
Phenethylamine → AANAT, AOC2, AOC3, By, FMO3, In, MAO-A, MAO-B, MAOI, N-acetyltransferase, N-Methylphenethylamine, N-methyltransferase, PEA, Phenylacetaldehyde, Phenylacetic, PNMT, SSAOs, When
related to Detection in body fluids · 15
Phenethylamine → ADHD, An ADHD, Because, Brain, Endogenous, In, L-phenylalanine, MAO-B, Monoamine, PEA, Reviews, Similarly, These, Thirty, Two
related to Synthesis · 8
Phenethylamine → Alternative, Brown, MPa, Nystrom, One, Raney-Nickel, Robinson, Snyder's Organic Syntheses
related to Natural occurrence · 7
Phenethylamine → Clostridium, Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia, H7, Lactobacillus, O157, Pseudomonas
Legal status · 6
Phenethylamine → AU: Unscheduled, CA: Unscheduled, NZ: Unscheduled, UK: Unscheduled, UN: Unscheduled, US: Unscheduled
related to history · 6
Phenethylamine → Guest, Herbert, Johnson, Marceli Nencki, Subsequently, Treat
related to Chemistry · 4
Phenethylamine → HCl, It, Its, Upon
related to External links · 3
Phenethylamine → Isomer Design, Phenethylamine MS SpectrumPEA, PiHKAL Entry
Elimination half-life · 2
Phenethylamine → Endogenous: ~30 seconds, Exogenous: 5–10 minutes
related to Analogues and derivatives · 2
Phenethylamine → Many, Substituted

Important terminology

Use these terms to understand the vocabulary surrounding the topic, not as a checklist for keyword stuffing.

Important terminology

monoamine also dopamine acid amphetamine oxidase substituted trace many produced phenethylamines taar1 mg kg metabolism mao-b humans brain pea class

Phenethylamine relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

TTTA extracted 109 structured relationships around Phenethylamine. Examples in this analysis include Phenethylamine → 3D model (JSmol) → Interactive image and Phenethylamine → Addiction liability → None–low (w/o an MAO-B inhibitor) Moderate (with an MAO-B inhibitor). The table shows each extracted connection, where it came from and its confidence.

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
Phenethylamine3D model (JSmol)Interactive image1.00infobox
PhenethylamineAddiction liabilityNone–low (w/o an MAO-B inhibitor) Moderate (with an MAO-B inhibitor)1.00infobox
PhenethylamineATC codeNone1.00infobox
PhenethylamineBiosynthesisAromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC)1.00infobox
PhenethylamineBoiling point195 °C (383 °F)1.00infobox
PhenethylamineCAS Number64-04-0 Y1.00infobox
PhenethylamineChEBICHEBI:18397 Y1.00infobox
PhenethylamineChEMBLChEMBL610 Y1.00infobox
PhenethylamineChemSpider13856352 Y1.00infobox
PhenethylamineCompTox Dashboard (EPA)DTXSID50587731.00infobox
PhenethylamineDensity0.9640 g/cm31.00infobox
PhenethylamineDependence liabilityPsychological: Low–moderate[citation needed] Physical: None1.00infobox
PhenethylamineDrug classNorepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent; Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonist; Stimulant1.00infobox
PhenethylamineDrugBankDB04325 Y1.00infobox
PhenethylamineECHA InfoCard100.000.5231.00infobox
PhenethylamineElimination half-lifeExogenous: 5–10 minutes1.00infobox
PhenethylamineElimination half-lifeEndogenous: ~30 seconds1.00infobox
PhenethylamineExcretionRenal (kidneys)1.00infobox
PhenethylamineFormulaC8H11N1.00infobox
PhenethylamineIUPHAR/BPS21441.00infobox
PhenethylamineKEGGC05332 Y1.00infobox
PhenethylamineLegal statusAU: Unscheduled1.00infobox
PhenethylamineLegal statusCA: Unscheduled1.00infobox
PhenethylamineLegal statusNZ: Unscheduled1.00infobox
PhenethylamineLegal statusUK: Unscheduled1.00infobox
PhenethylamineLegal statusUS: Unscheduled1.00infobox
PhenethylamineLegal statusUN: Unscheduled1.00infobox
PhenethylamineMelting point−60 °C (−76 °F)1.00infobox
PhenethylamineMetabolismPrimarily: MAO-B Other enzymes: MAO-A, SSAOs (AOC2 & AOC3), PNMT, AANAT, FMO3, and others1.00infobox
PhenethylamineMolar mass121.183 g·mol−11.00infobox

Related concept clusters Concept neighborhoods

The concept neighborhoods around Phenethylamine bring nearby vocabulary together. In this analysis, examples include Urinary, Acid and Also. Use the clusters to find adjacent concepts and terminology that may deserve separate research.

  • Phenethylamine
    • Urinary
    • Acid
    • Also
    • Dopamine
    • Metabolism
    • Taar1
    • Produced
    • Amphetamine
    • Oxidase
    • L-phenylalanine
    • Potent
    • Effects
  • phenethylamine
    • Urinary
    • Acid
    • Also
    • Dopamine
    • Metabolism
    • Taar1
    • Produced
    • Amphetamine
    • Oxidase
    • L-phenylalanine
    • Potent
    • Effects
  • monoamine
    • Oxidase
    • Metabolism
    • Mao-b
    • Humans
    • Trace
    • Acid
    • Metabolized
    • Effects
    • Pea
    • Phenethylamine
    • Many
    • Produced
  • trace amine
    • Endogenous
    • Brain
    • Taar1
    • Agonist
    • Dopamine
    • Monoamine
    • Potent
    • Humans
    • Low
    • Norepinephrine
    • Others
    • Synthesis
  • monoamine neurotransmitters
    • Oxidase
    • Metabolism
    • Mao-b
    • Humans
    • Trace
    • Acid
    • Metabolized
    • Effects
    • Pea
    • Phenethylamine
    • Many
    • Produced
  • trace amine-associated receptor 1
    • Endogenous
    • Brain
    • Taar1
    • Agonist
    • Dopamine
    • Monoamine
    • Potent
    • Humans
    • Low
    • Norepinephrine
    • Others
    • Synthesis
  • vesicular monoamine transporter 2
    • Oxidase
    • Metabolism
    • Mao-b
    • Humans
    • Trace
    • Acid
    • Metabolized
    • Effects
    • Pea
    • Phenethylamine
    • Many
    • Produced
  • amino acid
    • Produced
    • L-phenylalanine
    • Metabolized
    • Urinary
    • Oxidase
    • Monoamine
    • Half-life
    • Humans
    • Metabolism
    • Synthesis
    • Via
    • Mao-b

Connections between topic areas Semantic bridges

For Phenethylamine, one of the stronger structural bridges in this analysis connects Phenethylamine with Overview. Bridges highlight paths between different parts of the map and can reveal research angles that are easy to miss in a flat list.

Min side: 3
PhenethylamineOverview · splits 104 ⟂ 88
PhenethylamineChemistry · splits 118 ⟂ 74
PhenethylaminePharmacology · splits 177 ⟂ 15
PhenethylamineNatural occurrence · splits 183 ⟂ 9
PhenethylamineHistory · splits 187 ⟂ 5

Map overview Semantic statistics

Phenethylamine

Nodes192
Edges191
Triples109
Avg. degree1.99
Density0.010417
Components1

Source & methodology

TTTA analyzes the structure around Phenethylamine to surface related topics, entities, relationships, concept neighborhoods and bridge connections. Use the map to explore areas such as History, Chemistry & Pharmacology, including less central topics that may reveal useful research gaps. Automatically extracted connections are research leads rather than rewritten encyclopedia content.

Source: Wikipedia — Phenethylamine · EN edition · Analysis: TopicsToTalkAbout

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