Research any topic before you write.

Find related topics. | Discover entities. | See connections. | Build a topical map.

Adrenaline

Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine and alternatively spelled adrenalin, is a hormone and medication which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration). It appears as a white microcrystalline granule. Adrenaline is normally produced by the adrenal glands and by a small number of neurons in the medulla oblongata. It plays an…

History, Community, Culture & Applications

Use the mouse wheel or two fingers (on touchscreens) to zoom in and out of the map.

Research this topic

Explore the main themes, entities and connections around Adrenaline. Start with the topic map, then use the sections below for research and deeper semantic analysis.

Explore this topic

Start with a few of the strongest sections from the source topic. These are research directions, not a list of keywords you must use.

Key facts & relationships

High-confidence facts extracted from structured source data. Use them as anchors for further research.

3D model (JSmol)
Interactive image
AHFS/Drugs.com
Monograph
ATC code
A01AD01 (WHO) B02BC09 (WHO) C01CA24 (WHO) R01AA14 (WHO) R03AA01 (WHO) S01EA01 (WHO)
Bioavailability
Oral: negligible · Intravenous: c. 99% · Subcutaneous: high
CAS Number
51-43-4 Y
ChEBI
CHEBI:28918 Y

Topics to explore

Browse the full topic structure. Each item opens a new analysis centered on that subject.

Overview

Medical uses

Physiological effects

Pathology

Terminology

Mechanism of action

Biosynthesis

Chemistry

History

Society and culture

Advanced semantic analysis

Deeper signals for content research, entity SEO and topical coverage. The plain-language headings explain what each technical view is useful for.

Map overview Semantic statistics

Adrenaline

Nodes178
Edges177
Triples179
Avg. degree1.99
Density0.011236
Components1

How this topic connects Entity context

See the strongest relationship patterns around the current topic before diving into the raw triples.

Adrenaline

Top relations

related to history · 24
Adrenaline → Abel, Although, American, April, Bates, C17H15NO4, Edward Albert Schäfer, Extracts, Friedrich Stolz, George Oliver, Henry Drysdale Dakin, In, John Jacob Abel, Johns Hopkins University, Jokichi Takamine, London, Napoleon Cybulski, North Yorkshire, Polish, The
related to Terminology · 17
Adrenaline → Abel's, Ancient Greek, As, Co, Davis, European Pharmacopoeia, However, In, International Nonproprietary Name, John Abel, Jōkichi Takamine, Latin, Parke, Takamine's, The British Approved Name, United States Adopted Name, US
related to Biosynthesis · 14
Adrenaline → DOPA, Dopamine, In, L-amino, L-DOPA, N-methyltransferase, PNMT, S-adenosyl, SAMe, The, Then, This, Tyrosine, While PNMT
related to Regulation · 10
Adrenaline → Acetylcholine, ACTH, Adrenocorticotropic, All, Calcium, For, PNMT, The, This, VMAT1
related to Exercise · 9
Adrenaline → Although, Biochemical, During, Early REA, Infusion, One, REA, The, This
related to Memory · 9
Adrenaline → EPI, Extensive, It, Overall, Post-learning, Studies, The, There, These
has effect · 8
Adrenaline → Euler, Following, L-DOPA, Little, Pharmacological, Sympathetic, The, Ulf
related to Emotional responses · 8
Adrenaline → Although, Every, Findings, In, Overall, Similar, The, These
related to Mechanism of action · 8
Adrenaline → ACTH, Adrenaline's, AMP, As, Binding, For, Its, Together
related to Medical uses · 7
Adrenaline → Although, As, Common, Inhaled, It, Occasionally, While

Important terminology Word statistics

Use these terms to understand the vocabulary surrounding the topic, not as a checklist for keyword stuffing.

Important terminology

adrenal also epinephrine sympathetic receptors found medulla adrenergic plasma noradrenaline exercise blood effects memory airway stress system release increase binding

Entity relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
Adrenaline3D model (JSmol)Interactive image1.00infobox
AdrenalineAHFS/Drugs.comMonograph1.00infobox
AdrenalineATC codeA01AD01 (WHO) B02BC09 (WHO) C01CA24 (WHO) R01AA14 (WHO) R03AA01 (WHO) S01EA01 (WHO)1.00infobox
AdrenalineBioavailabilityOral: negligible1.00infobox
AdrenalineBioavailabilityIntravenous: c. 99%1.00infobox
AdrenalineBioavailabilitySubcutaneous: high1.00infobox
AdrenalineCAS Number51-43-4 Y1.00infobox
AdrenalineChEBICHEBI:28918 Y1.00infobox
AdrenalineChEMBLChEMBL679 Y1.00infobox
AdrenalineChemSpider5611 Y1.00infobox
AdrenalineCompTox Dashboard (EPA)DTXSID50229861.00infobox
AdrenalineDensity1.283±0.06 g/cm3 @ 20 °C, 760 Torr1.00infobox
AdrenalineDrug classAdrenergic receptor agonist; Sympathomimetic1.00infobox
AdrenalineDrugBankDB00668 Y1.00infobox
AdrenalineDuration of actionFew minutes1.00infobox
AdrenalineECHA InfoCard100.000.0901.00infobox
AdrenalineElimination half-life2–3 minutes in plasma1.00infobox
AdrenalineExcretionUrine1.00infobox
AdrenalineFormulaC9H13NO31.00infobox
AdrenalineIUPHAR/BPS4791.00infobox
AdrenalineKEGGD00095 Y1.00infobox
AdrenalineLegal statusAU: S4 (Prescription only)1.00infobox
AdrenalineLegal statusUK: POM (Prescription only)1.00infobox
AdrenalineLegal statusUS: ℞-only1.00infobox
AdrenalineLegal statusEU: Rx-only1.00infobox
AdrenalineLicense dataUS DailyMed: Epinephrine1.00infobox
AdrenalineMedlinePlusa6030021.00infobox
AdrenalineMetabolismAdrenergic synapse (MAO and COMT)1.00infobox
AdrenalineMetabolitesMetanephrine1.00infobox
AdrenalineMolar mass183.207 g·mol−11.00infobox

Related concept clusters Concept neighborhoods

These clusters group vocabulary that occurs around closely connected concepts in the source material.

    Connections between topic areas Semantic bridges

    Bridges can reveal useful research angles that are easy to miss in a flat list of related terms.

    Min side: 3
    For writers, content strategists, SEOs, marketers and creators — from quick topic research to advanced semantic analysis.