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Phenobarbital: History, Community, Culture & Applications

Phenobarbital, also known as phenobarbitone, sold under the brand name Luminal among others, is a medication of the barbiturate type. It is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the treatment of certain types of epilepsy in developing countries. In the developed world, it is commonly used to treat seizures in young children, while other…

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Phenobarbital topic overview

The analysis highlights History, Community, Culture and Applications as prominent areas in the source structure around Phenobarbital.

Related topics
169
Source areas
10
Connected nodes
179
Extracted relationships
140
Concept neighborhoods
34
Bridge connections
179

What this topic covers Research coverage

Source areas are shown by the number of related topics found in each part of the analysis. Use smaller areas too: they can reveal specialized angles and content gaps.

Society and culture · 42 topics
Medical uses · 29 topics
Overview · 28 topics
Overdose · 18 topics
History · 16 topics
Pharmacokinetics · 13 topics
Mechanism of action · 9 topics
Side effects · 5 topics
Veterinary uses · 5 topics
Contraindications · 4 topics

Smaller areas are not necessarily less important. They contain fewer connections in this analysis and can be useful for finding specialized angles or coverage gaps.

Key facts & relationships

High-confidence facts extracted from structured source data. Use them as anchors for further research.

3D model (JSmol)
Interactive image
AHFS/Drugs.com
Monograph
ATC code
N03AA02 (WHO)
Bioavailability
>95%
CAS Number
50-06-6 Y
ChEBI
CHEBI:8069 Y

Explore all related topics Closing gaps

Browse the complete topic structure, not only the most central items. Less prominent entities and concepts can reveal missing angles, specialized context and useful research gaps. Each item opens a new analysis centered on that subject.

Overview

Medical uses

Side effects

Contraindications

Overdose

Mechanism of action

Pharmacokinetics

History

Society and culture

Veterinary uses

Advanced semantic analysis

Deeper signals for content research, entity SEO and topical coverage. The plain-language headings explain what each technical view is useful for.

How Phenobarbital connects Entity context

The extracted context around Phenobarbital shows recurring relationship patterns in the source. For example, Phenobarbital → Alfred Hauptmann, As, Bayer, By, Emil Fischer, Fischer, Friedr, German, Hauptmann, In, It, Joseph, Luminal, Mering, Most, On, Patients, Phenobarbital's, The, Veronal Another extracted example is Phenobarbital → Activist Abbie Hoffman, All Creatures Great, April, Bergen, British, Donald Sinclair, Her, Isdal Woman, James Herriot, Norway, November, Siegfried Farnon, Small. Use these groups to spot repeated connection types before inspecting the individual relationships.

Phenobarbital

Top relations

related to history · 21
Phenobarbital → Alfred Hauptmann, As, Bayer, By, Emil Fischer, Fischer, Friedr, German, Hauptmann, In, It, Joseph, Luminal, Mering, Most, On, Patients, Phenobarbital's, The, Veronal
related to Selected overdoses · 13
Phenobarbital → Activist Abbie Hoffman, All Creatures Great, April, Bergen, British, Donald Sinclair, Her, Isdal Woman, James Herriot, Norway, November, Siegfried Farnon, Small
related to Regulation · 12
Phenobarbital → ACSCN, Controlled Substances Act, ID, III, IV, Non-Narcotic, OTC, Schedule, Schedule II, Schedule IV, The, United States
related to Medical uses · 9
Phenobarbital → Carbamazepine, Failing, If, It, The, The World Health Organization, UK, US, WHO
related to Synthesis · 9
Phenobarbital → Barbiturate, Claisen, Finally, Malonic, Pinner, Subsequently, The, To, Upon
Legal status · 7
Phenobarbital → AU: S4 (Prescription only), BR: Class B1 (Psychoactive drugs), CA: Schedule IV, DE: Prescription only (Anlage III for higher doses), EU: Rx-only, UK: Class B, US: Schedule IV
has effect · 7
Phenobarbital → Among, Caution, Central, In, It, P450, Sedation
related to Other uses · 7
Phenobarbital → Crigler, Gilbert's, HIDA, IDA, II, In, Najjar
related to Pharmacokinetics · 7
Phenobarbital → CAR/RXR, Cmax, CYP2B6, Cytochrome P450, It, P450, Peak
related to Mechanism of action · 6
Phenobarbital → AMPA, By, Direct, GABAA, Hyperpolarizing, Through

Important terminology

Use these terms to understand the vocabulary surrounding the topic, not as a checklist for keyword stuffing.

Important terminology

used seizures may also treatment drug treat drugs barbiturate epilepsy effects patients world overdose luminal iv effective well withdrawal suicide

Phenobarbital relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

TTTA extracted 140 structured relationships around Phenobarbital. Examples in this analysis include Phenobarbital → 3D model (JSmol) → Interactive image and Phenobarbital → AHFS/Drugs.com → Monograph. The table shows each extracted connection, where it came from and its confidence.

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
Phenobarbital3D model (JSmol)Interactive image1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalAHFS/Drugs.comMonograph1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalATC codeN03AA02 (WHO)1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalBioavailability>95%1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalCAS Number50-06-6 Y1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalChEBICHEBI:8069 Y1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalChEMBLChEMBL40 Y1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalChemSpider4599 Y1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalCompTox Dashboard (EPA)DTXSID50211221.00infobox
PhenobarbitalDependence liabilityHigh1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalDrug classBarbiturate, Anticonvulsant1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalDrugBankDB01174 Y1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalDuration of action4 hours–2 days1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalECHA InfoCard100.000.0071.00infobox
PhenobarbitalElimination half-life53–118 hours1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalExcretionKidney and fecal1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalFormulaC12H12N2O31.00infobox
PhenobarbitalIUPHAR/BPS28041.00infobox
PhenobarbitalKEGGD00506 Y1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalLegal statusAU: S4 (Prescription only)1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalLegal statusBR: Class B1 (Psychoactive drugs)1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalLegal statusCA: Schedule IV1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalLegal statusDE: Prescription only (Anlage III for higher doses)1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalLegal statusUK: Class B1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalLegal statusUS: Schedule IV1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalLegal statusEU: Rx-only1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalLicense dataUS DailyMed: Phenobarbital1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalMedlinePlusa6820071.00infobox
PhenobarbitalMetabolismLiver (mostly CYP2C19)1.00infobox
PhenobarbitalMolar mass232.239 g·mol−11.00infobox

Related concept clusters Concept neighborhoods

The concept neighborhoods around Phenobarbital bring nearby vocabulary together. In this analysis, examples include Used, Seizures and Overdose. Use the clusters to find adjacent concepts and terminology that may deserve separate research.

  • Phenobarbital
    • Used
    • Seizures
    • Overdose
    • Drugs
    • May
    • Well
    • Liver
    • Phenobarbitone
    • Suicide
    • Barbiturate
    • Drug
    • Treatment
  • phenobarbital
    • Used
    • Seizures
    • Overdose
    • Drugs
    • May
    • Well
    • Liver
    • Phenobarbitone
    • Suicide
    • Barbiturate
    • Drug
    • Treatment
  • seizures
    • Treatment
    • Patients
    • Treat
    • Used
    • Drug
    • Phenobarbitone
    • May
    • Iv
    • Effective
    • Overdose
    • Action
    • Benzodiazepine
  • absence seizures
    • Treatment
    • Patients
    • Treat
    • Used
    • Drug
    • Phenobarbitone
    • May
    • Iv
    • Effective
    • Overdose
    • Action
    • Benzodiazepine
  • partial onset seizures
    • Treatment
    • Patients
    • Treat
    • Used
    • Drug
    • Phenobarbitone
    • May
    • Iv
    • Effective
    • Overdose
    • Action
    • Benzodiazepine
  • generalized onset tonic-clonic seizures
    • Treatment
    • Patients
    • Treat
    • Used
    • Drug
    • Phenobarbitone
    • May
    • Iv
    • Effective
    • Overdose
    • Action
    • Benzodiazepine
  • neonatal seizures
    • Treatment
    • Patients
    • Treat
    • Used
    • Drug
    • Phenobarbitone
    • May
    • Iv
    • Effective
    • Overdose
    • Action
    • Benzodiazepine
  • febrile seizures
    • Treatment
    • Patients
    • Treat
    • Used
    • Drug
    • Phenobarbitone
    • May
    • Iv
    • Effective
    • Overdose
    • Action
    • Benzodiazepine

Connections between topic areas Semantic bridges

For Phenobarbital, one of the stronger structural bridges in this analysis connects Phenobarbital with Society and culture. Bridges highlight paths between different parts of the map and can reveal research angles that are easy to miss in a flat list.

Min side: 3
Phenobarbital — Society and culture · splits 137 ⟂ 43
Phenobarbital — Medical uses · splits 150 ⟂ 30
Phenobarbital — Overview · splits 151 ⟂ 29
Phenobarbital — Overdose · splits 161 ⟂ 19
Phenobarbital — History · splits 163 ⟂ 17
Phenobarbital — Pharmacokinetics · splits 166 ⟂ 14
Phenobarbital — Mechanism of action · splits 170 ⟂ 10
Phenobarbital — Side effects · splits 174 ⟂ 6
Phenobarbital — Veterinary uses · splits 174 ⟂ 6
Phenobarbital — Contraindications · splits 175 ⟂ 5

Map overview Semantic statistics

Phenobarbital

Nodes180
Edges179
Triples140
Avg. degree1.99
Density0.011111
Components1

Source & methodology

TTTA analyzes the structure around Phenobarbital to surface related topics, entities, relationships, concept neighborhoods and bridge connections. Use the map to explore areas such as History, Community, Culture & Applications, including less central topics that may reveal useful research gaps. Automatically extracted connections are research leads rather than rewritten encyclopedia content.

Source: Wikipedia — Phenobarbital · EN edition · Analysis: TopicsToTalkAbout

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