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Fluorine

Fluorine is a chemical element; it has the symbol F and atomic number 9. It is the lightest halogen and exists at standard conditions as pale yellow diatomic gas. Fluorine is extremely reactive as it reacts with all other elements except for the light noble gases. Fluorine in its elemental form is highly toxic.

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17F
synth
18F
trace
19F
100%
Allotropes
alpha, beta (see Allotropes of fluorine)
Appearance
gas: very pale yellow liquid: bright yellow solid: alpha is opaque, beta is transparent
at T (K)
38

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Overview

Characteristics

Occurrence

History

Compounds

Production

Industrial applications

Medicinal applications

Biological role

Toxicity

Environmental concerns

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Map overview Semantic statistics

Fluorine

Nodes378
Edges377
Triples275
Avg. degree1.99
Density0.005291
Components1

How this topic connects Entity context

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Fluorine

Top relations

related to Later uses · 21
Fluorine → CCl2F2, DuPont, Freon, Freon-12, General Motors, Germany, GM, It, Kinetic, Kinetic Chemicals, Large-scale, Manhattan Project, Plunkett, Polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE, Roy, Since UF6, Teflon, The Frigidaire, This
related to Early discoveries · 20
Fluorine → Ampère's, Andreas Sigismund Marggraf, André-Marie Ampère, August, Carl Wilhelm Scheele, European, Fl, French, Georgius Agricola, Greek, He, Hydrofluoric, In, Latin, Russian, Sir Humphry Davy, Swedish, The, The New Latin, This
related to Metals · 16
Fluorine → Alkali, Alkaline, AuF5, Covalent, F2, Gold, Metal, MoF6, NPA, Pentafluorides, Rare, ReF6, Rhenium, Thirteen, This, WF6
related to Earth · 15
Fluorine → Ca5, CaF2, China, Cryolite, Earth's, Economically, Fluorapatite, Fluorite, Long, Mexico, Most, Na3AlF6, Pink, PO4, Though
related to Biological role · 14
Fluorine → Africa, An, Australia, Both, Brazil, Institute, Medicine, Natural, Other, RDA, Small, The, US National Academies, WHO
related to Pharmaceuticals · 11
Fluorine → Fluorination, Later, Lipitor, Many, One, Quinolones, Seretide, The, These, Tricyclics, Twenty
related to Isolation · 10
Fluorine → Chemistry, Edmond Frémy, Frémy's, Henri Moissan, In, Initial, Isolation, Moissan, Nobel Prize, To
related to Biopersistence · 9
Fluorine → Dwell, High, In, Organofluorines, Perfluoroalkyl, PFAA, PFAAs, PFOA, PFOS
related to Industrial routes to F2 · 9
Fluorine → Frequent, HF, In, KF, Moissan's, Monel, Monel-PTFE, Regulator, Temperatures
related to Reactivity · 9
Fluorine → Alkali, Br2, Cl2, Conversely, Hydrogen, Reactions, Some, The, Unreactive

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Important terminology

hydrogen fluoride used fluorite carbon acid production compounds water atoms gas also hydrofluoric fluorides oxygen organic gases chlorine element high

Entity relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
Fluorine17Fsynth1.00infobox
Fluorine18Ftrace1.00infobox
Fluorine19F100%1.00infobox
FluorineAllotropesalpha, beta (see Allotropes of fluorine)1.00infobox
FluorineAppearancegas: very pale yellow liquid: bright yellow solid: alpha is opaque, beta is transparent1.00infobox
Fluorineat T (K)381.00infobox
FluorineAtomic number (Z)91.00infobox
FluorineBlockp-block1.00infobox
FluorineBoiling point(F2) 85.03 K ​(−188.11 °C, ​−306.60 °F)1.00infobox
FluorineCAS Number7782-41-41.00infobox
FluorineCovalent radius64 pm1.00infobox
FluorineCritical point144.41 K, 5.1724 MPa1.00infobox
FluorineCrystal structure​cubic1.00infobox
FluorineDensity (at STP)1.696 g/L1.00infobox
FluorineDiscoveryAndré-Marie Ampère (1810)1.00infobox
FluorineElectron configuration[He] 2s2 2p51.00infobox
FluorineElectronegativityPauling scale: 3.981.00infobox
FluorineElectrons per shell2, 71.00infobox
FluorineFirst isolationHenri Moissan (June 26, 1886)1.00infobox
FluorineGroupgroup 17 (halogens)1.00infobox
FluorineHeat of vaporization6.51 kJ/mol1.00infobox
FluorineIonization energies1st: 1681 kJ/mol1.00infobox
FluorineIonization energies2nd: 3374 kJ/mol1.00infobox
FluorineIonization energies3rd: 6147 kJ/mol1.00infobox
FluorineIonization energies(more)1.00infobox
FluorineMagnetic orderingdiamagnetic (−1.2×10−4)1.00infobox
FluorineMain isotopes.mw-parser-output .isotopes-table{text-align:center;width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .isotopes-table-headers>:not(:first-child){padding:0…1.00infobox
FluorineMelting point(F2) 53.48 K ​(−219.67 °C, ​−363.41 °F)1.00infobox
FluorineMolar heat capacity15.652 J/(mol·K) .mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su{display:inline-block;font-size:80%;line-height:1;vertical-align:-0.35em}.mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su>span{display:b…1.00infobox
FluorineNamed byHumphry Davy1.00infobox

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