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Apremilast: History, Community, Culture & Applications

Apremilast, sold under the brand name Otezla among others, is a medication for the treatment of certain types of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. The drug acts as a selective inhibitor of the enzyme phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4). It is taken by mouth.

Language: English [EN]
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Apremilast topic overview

The analysis highlights History, Community, Culture and Applications as prominent areas in the source structure around Apremilast.

Related topics
57
Source areas
10
Connected nodes
67
Extracted relationships
116
Concept neighborhoods
19
Bridge connections
67

What this topic covers Research coverage

Source areas are shown by the number of related topics found in each part of the analysis. Use smaller areas too: they can reveal specialized angles and content gaps.

Pharmacology · 15 topics
Chemistry · 13 topics
Adverse effects · 6 topics
Interactions · 6 topics
Medical uses · 6 topics
Overview · 4 topics
Society and culture · 3 topics
History · 2 topics
Contraindications · 1 topics
Research · 1 topics

Smaller areas are not necessarily less important. They contain fewer connections in this analysis and can be useful for finding specialized angles or coverage gaps.

Key facts & relationships

High-confidence facts extracted from structured source data. Use them as anchors for further research.

3D model (JSmol)
Interactive image
AHFS/Drugs.com
Monograph
ATC code
L04AA32 (WHO)
Bioavailability
73%; Tmax = ~2.5 hours
CAS Number
608141-41-9
ChEBI
CHEBI:78540

Explore all related topics Closing gaps

Browse the complete topic structure, not only the most central items. Less prominent entities and concepts can reveal missing angles, specialized context and useful research gaps. Each item opens a new analysis centered on that subject.

Overview

Medical uses

Contraindications

Adverse effects

Interactions

Pharmacology

Chemistry

History

Society and culture

Research

Advanced semantic analysis

Deeper signals for content research, entity SEO and topical coverage. The plain-language headings explain what each technical view is useful for.

How Apremilast connects Entity context

The extracted context around Apremilast shows recurring relationship patterns in the source. For example, Apremilast → Accord Healthcare, American, Amgen's, Apremilast Accord, April, Behcet's, Canada, Committee, European Medicines Agency, European Union, Generic, Human Use, In April, In February, January, Medicinal Products, Otezla, The Another extracted example is Apremilast → IFN-γ IL-2, IL-10, IL-12, IL-23, In, It, PDE4, The, TNF-α. Use these groups to spot repeated connection types before inspecting the individual relationships.

Apremilast

Top relations

related to Legal status · 18
Apremilast → Accord Healthcare, American, Amgen's, Apremilast Accord, April, Behcet's, Canada, Committee, European Medicines Agency, European Union, Generic, Human Use, In April, In February, January, Medicinal Products, Otezla, The
related to Chemistry · 9
Apremilast → IFN-γ IL-2, IL-10, IL-12, IL-23, In, It, PDE4, The, TNF-α
related to Pharmacokinetics · 9
Apremilast → CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP3A4, It, Its, O-desmethylapremilast, Only, Plasma, The
related to Economics · 8
Apremilast → Amgen, Celgene, In, In Austria, Otezla, The, UK, US
related to Medical uses · 8
Apremilast → Behçet's, DMARD, DMARDs, European Union, In, It, PsA, United States
Legal status · 5
Apremilast → AU: S4 (Prescription only), EU: Rx-only, In general: ℞ (Prescription only), UK: POM (Prescription only), US: ℞-only
related to Interactions · 5
Apremilast → Concurrent, John's, P450, St, Using
related to Mechanism of action · 5
Apremilast → IL-12/IL-23p40, In, PDE4, The, TNFα
related to history · 4
Apremilast → Behçet's, Drug Administration, FDA, US Food
related to Contraindications · 3
Apremilast → European Union, In, US

Important terminology

Use these terms to understand the vocabulary surrounding the topic, not as a checklist for keyword stuffing.

Important terminology

treatment otezla psoriasis arthritis enzyme psoriatic others us indicated european use pde4 hours mouth adults plaque associated union drug celgene

Apremilast relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

TTTA extracted 116 structured relationships around Apremilast. Examples in this analysis include Apremilast → 3D model (JSmol) → Interactive image and Apremilast → AHFS/Drugs.com → Monograph. The table shows each extracted connection, where it came from and its confidence.

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
Apremilast3D model (JSmol)Interactive image1.00infobox
ApremilastAHFS/Drugs.comMonograph1.00infobox
ApremilastATC codeL04AA32 (WHO)1.00infobox
ApremilastBioavailability73%; Tmax = ~2.5 hours1.00infobox
ApremilastCAS Number608141-41-91.00infobox
ApremilastChEBICHEBI:785401.00infobox
ApremilastChEMBLChEMBL5148001.00infobox
ApremilastChemSpider97364481.00infobox
ApremilastCompTox Dashboard (EPA)DTXSID309762891.00infobox
ApremilastDrugBankDB056761.00infobox
ApremilastECHA InfoCard100.234.7861.00infobox
ApremilastElimination half-life6–9 hours1.00infobox
ApremilastExcretionUrine (58%), faeces (39%)1.00infobox
ApremilastFormulaC22H24N2O7S1.00infobox
ApremilastKEGGD088601.00infobox
ApremilastLegal statusAU: S4 (Prescription only)1.00infobox
ApremilastLegal statusUK: POM (Prescription only)1.00infobox
ApremilastLegal statusUS: ℞-only1.00infobox
ApremilastLegal statusEU: Rx-only1.00infobox
ApremilastLegal statusIn general: ℞ (Prescription only)1.00infobox
ApremilastLicense dataUS DailyMed: Apremilast1.00infobox
ApremilastMedlinePlusa6140221.00infobox
ApremilastMetabolismLiver (CYP3A4, with minor contributions from CYP2A6, CYP1A2)1.00infobox
ApremilastMetabolitesO-desmethylapremilast glucuronide (and others)1.00infobox
ApremilastMolar mass460.50 g·mol−11.00infobox
ApremilastOther namesCC-100041.00infobox
ApremilastPregnancy categoryAU: B31.00infobox
ApremilastPronunciation/əˈprɛmɪlæst/ ə-PREM-i-last1.00infobox
ApremilastProtein bindingc. 68%1.00infobox
ApremilastPubChem CID115616741.00infobox

Related concept clusters Concept neighborhoods

The concept neighborhoods around Apremilast bring nearby vocabulary together. In this analysis, examples include Arthritis, Treatment and European. Use the clusters to find adjacent concepts and terminology that may deserve separate research.

  • Apremilast
    • Arthritis
    • Treatment
    • European
    • Psoriatic
    • Use
    • Psoriasis
    • Associated
    • Union
    • Active
    • Approved
    • Diarrhea
    • Disease
  • apremilast
    • Arthritis
    • Treatment
    • European
    • Psoriatic
    • Use
    • Psoriasis
    • Associated
    • Union
    • Active
    • Approved
    • Diarrhea
    • Disease
  • psoriatic arthritis
    • Psoriatic
    • Active
    • Disease
    • Adults
    • Psoriasis
    • Treatment
    • Name
    • Associated
    • Indicated
    • Plaque
    • European
    • Others
  • plaque psoriasis
    • Plaque
    • Psoriasis
    • Psoriatic
    • Disease
    • Adults
    • Treatment
    • Moderate
    • Severe
    • Active
    • Associated
    • Indicated
    • Approved
  • psoriasis
    • Plaque
    • Psoriatic
    • Disease
    • Adults
    • Treatment
    • Active
    • Moderate
    • Severe
    • Associated
    • Indicated
    • Cyp1a2
    • Cyp2a6
  • behçet's disease
    • Psoriatic
    • Psoriasis
    • Plaque
    • Treatment
    • Glucuronide
    • Name
    • Approved
    • Drug
    • Moderate
    • Severe
    • Hours
    • Indicated
  • cyp1a2
    • Cyp2a6
    • Cyp3a4
    • Glucuronide
    • Name
    • Active
    • Disease
    • Adults
    • Associated
    • Hours
    • Indicated
    • Others
    • Plaque
  • cyp2a6
    • Cyp1a2
    • Cyp3a4
    • Glucuronide
    • Name
    • Active
    • Disease
    • Adults
    • Associated
    • Hours
    • Indicated
    • Others
    • Plaque

Connections between topic areas Semantic bridges

For Apremilast, one of the stronger structural bridges in this analysis connects Apremilast with Pharmacology. Bridges highlight paths between different parts of the map and can reveal research angles that are easy to miss in a flat list.

Min side: 3
Apremilast — Pharmacology · splits 52 ⟂ 16
Apremilast — Chemistry · splits 54 ⟂ 14
Apremilast — Medical uses · splits 61 ⟂ 7
Apremilast — Adverse effects · splits 61 ⟂ 7
Apremilast — Interactions · splits 61 ⟂ 7
Apremilast — Overview · splits 63 ⟂ 5
Apremilast — Society and culture · splits 64 ⟂ 4
Apremilast — History · splits 65 ⟂ 3

Map overview Semantic statistics

Apremilast

Nodes68
Edges67
Triples116
Avg. degree1.97
Density0.029412
Components1

Source & methodology

TTTA analyzes the structure around Apremilast to surface related topics, entities, relationships, concept neighborhoods and bridge connections. Use the map to explore areas such as History, Community, Culture & Applications, including less central topics that may reveal useful research gaps. Automatically extracted connections are research leads rather than rewritten encyclopedia content.

Source: Wikipedia — Apremilast · EN edition · Analysis: TopicsToTalkAbout

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