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Ruby

Ruby is a pinkish-red to blood-red-colored gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum, consisting of aluminium oxide (α-Al2O3). Ruby is one of the most popular traditional jewelry gems and is very durable. Other varieties of gem-quality corundum are called sapphires, and rubies are also sometimes referred to as "red sapphires".

History & Culture

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Occurrence and mining

ThailandPailinSamlout DistrictCambodiaAfghanistan
34 related topics

Synthesis and imitation

Potash alumEbelmenAluminaEdmond FrémyAuguste Verneuil
18 related topics

Historical and cultural references

North Silk RoadBCTrackwayHinduSun
11 related topics

Physical properties

HardnessMohs scale of mineral hardnessMoissaniteIonElectron orbitals
13 related topics

Key facts & relationships

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Birefringence
0.008 to 0.010
Category
Oxide minerals
Cleavage
No true cleavage
Color
Orangy red through strongly purplish red.
Common impurities
Cr. (sometimes: Ti, Fe)
Crystal class
Hexagonal scalenohedral (3m) H-M symbol: (32/m)

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Overview

Physical properties

Occurrence and mining

Treatments and enhancements

Synthesis and imitation

Records and famous examples

Historical and cultural references

Advanced semantic analysis

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Map overview Semantic statistics

Ruby

Nodes120
Edges119
Triples168
Avg. degree1.98
Density0.016667
Components1

How this topic connects Entity context

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Ruby

Top relations

related to Records and famous examples · 31
Ruby → Burma, Burmese, Carmen Lúcia, Christie's, Co, December, Elizabeth Taylor's, Garrard, Hughes Research Laboratories, In, In May, It, London, Maiman, May, Mogok, Myanmar, Natural History, On, Peter Buck
related to Occurrence and mining · 27
Ruby → Afghanistan, After, Australia, Brazil, Burmese Rubies, Cambodia, Colombia, Currently, Historically, In, India, It, Japan, Madagascar, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Pailin, Pakistan, Samlout District
related to Historical and cultural references · 26
Ruby → An, Asian, Baum's The Wonderful Wizard, BC, China, Frank, Godstone, Hindu, In, India, It, John Jameson, Jonah Jameson, Man-Wolf, Marvel, Moon, Navagraha, North Silk Road, Oz, Rubies
related to Synthesis and imitation · 12
Ruby → Al2O3, Auguste Verneuil, BaF2, By, Charles Feil, Ebelmen, Edmond Frémy, Fremy, Gaudin, In, Verneuil, Verneuil's
related to Physical properties · 11
Ruby → Al2O3, Among, Cr3, However, Mohs, O2, Rubies, Sapphire, The, Those, When
related to Versus pink sapphire · 8
Ruby → As, Drawing, Generally, However, ICGA, International Colored Gemstone Association, Often, United States
related to Color · 5
Ruby → All, Color, Hue, In, Transparent
has treatment · 4
Ruby → During, Improvements, Improving, Some
is a · 3
Ruby → largest mined ruby in the world, pinkish-red to blood-red-colored gemstone, traditional birthstone for July and is usually pinker than garnet
related to Clarity · 3
Ruby → Because, Rubies, Silk

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Important terminology

rubies color red corundum crystal sapphire gemstone also inclusions chromium synthetic stone one called pink process gemstones may clarity light

Entity relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
RubyBirefringence0.008 to 0.0101.00infobox
RubyCategoryOxide minerals1.00infobox
RubyCleavageNo true cleavage1.00infobox
RubyColorOrangy red through strongly purplish red.1.00infobox
RubyCommon impuritiesCr. (sometimes: Ti, Fe)1.00infobox
RubyCrystal classHexagonal scalenohedral (3m) H-M symbol: (32/m)1.00infobox
RubyCrystal habitTerminated tabular hexagonal prisms1.00infobox
RubyCrystal systemTrigonal1.00infobox
RubyDiaphaneityTransparent, translucent1.00infobox
RubyDispersion0.0181.00infobox
RubyFormulaAluminum oxide with chromium, Al2O3:Cr1.00infobox
RubyFractureConchoidal, splintery1.00infobox
RubyIMA statusVariety of corundum1.00infobox
RubyLusterSubadamantine, vitreous, pearly (on partings)1.00infobox
RubyMohs scale hardness9.01.00infobox
RubyOptical propertiesUniaxial/−1.00infobox
RubyPleochroismStrong: purplish-red – orangy-red1.00infobox
RubyRefractive indexnω=1.768–1.772 nε=1.760–1.7631.00infobox
RubySpace groupR3c1.00infobox
RubySpecific gravity3.97–4.051.00infobox
RubyStreakWhite1.00infobox
RubyTenacityBrittle1.00infobox
RubyUltraviolet fluorescenceRed under longwave1.00infobox
Rubyis apinkish-red to blood-red-colored gemstone0.90text
Rubyis atraditional birthstone for July and is usually pinker than garnet0.90text
Rubyis alargest mined ruby in the world0.90text

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