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Supercomputer architecture

Approaches to supercomputer architecture have taken dramatic turns since the earliest systems were introduced in the 1960s. Early supercomputer architectures pioneered by Seymour Cray relied on compact innovative designs and local parallelism to achieve superior computational peak performance. However, in time the demand for increased computational power…

Measurement, Context and overview & Massive centralized parallelism

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Context and overview

Shared memoryBlue WatersCray 2System XBlue Gene/P
28 related topics

Massive centralized parallelism

Distributed memoryDistributed shared memoryLocal area networkSingle system imageShared servers
21 related topics

Early systems with a few processors

CDC 6600Peripheral devicesFORTRANCray 1Clock cycle
16 related topics

21st-century architectural trends

MFLOPS/WWater-cooledSPARC64 VIIIfxMany-corePRIMEHPC FX10
14 related topics

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Overview

Context and overview

Early systems with a few processors

Massive centralized parallelism

Massive distributed parallelism

21st-century architectural trends

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Map overview Semantic statistics

Supercomputer architecture

Nodes110
Edges109
Triples39
Avg. degree1.98
Density0.018182
Components1

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Supercomputer architecture

Top relations

related to 21st-century architectural trends · 11
Supercomputer architecture → Although, Blue Gene/P, GB, I/O, IBM Blue Gene, It, MFLOPS/W, PRIMEHPC FX10, SPARC64 VIIIfx, The, TOP500
related to overview · 6
Supercomputer architecture → Blue Waters, Seymour Cray's, Since, The, Throughout, While

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Important terminology

processors system number used memory systems supercomputers supercomputer approach large distributed computing computer architecture heat early uses use approaches parallel

Entity relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
Blue Watersinstance ofin large-scale experiments0.80text
Tianhe-Iinstance ofa number of petaflop supercomputers0.80text
Nebulae have started to rely on theminstance ofa number of petaflop supercomputers0.80text
SPARC-based designsinstance ofother systems such as the K computer continue to use conventional processors0.80text
the overall applicability of GPGPUs in general purpose high performance computing applications has been the subject of debateinstance ofother systems such as the K computer continue to use conventional processors0.80text
in that while a GPGPU may be tuned to score well on specific benchmarks its overall applicability to everyday algorithms may be limited unless significant effort is spent to tune the application towards itinstance ofother systems such as the K computer continue to use conventional processors0.80text
the Tianhe-I use Linux's Lustre file systeminstance ofA number of supercomputers on the TOP100 list0.80text
the Cray 1instance ofWith the Minnesota FORTRAN compiler the 6600 could sustain 500 kiloflops on standard mathematical operations.Other early supercomputers0.80text
Cray 2 that appeared afterwards used a small number of fast processors that worked in harmonyinstance ofWith the Minnesota FORTRAN compiler the 6600 could sustain 500 kiloflops on standard mathematical operations.Other early supercomputers0.80text
were uniformly connected to the largest amount of shared memory that could be managed at the time.These early architectures introduced parallel processing at the processor levelinstance ofWith the Minnesota FORTRAN compiler the 6600 could sustain 500 kiloflops on standard mathematical operations.Other early supercomputers0.80text
with innovations such as vector processinginstance ofWith the Minnesota FORTRAN compiler the 6600 could sustain 500 kiloflops on standard mathematical operations.Other early supercomputers0.80text
in which the processor can perform several operations during one clock cycleinstance ofWith the Minnesota FORTRAN compiler the 6600 could sustain 500 kiloflops on standard mathematical operations.Other early supercomputers0.80text

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