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Hard water is water that has a high mineral content (in contrast with "soft water"). Hard water is formed when water percolates through deposits of limestone, chalk or gypsum, which are largely made up of calcium and magnesium carbonates, bicarbonates and sulfates.
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water calcium hardness hard magnesium carbonate ppm soft ions caco3 mg scale lsi also cations ph softening england dissolved temperature
| Subject | Predicate | Object | Confidence | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| calcium | instance of | snow and other forms of precipitation typically have low concentrations of divalent cations | 0.80 | text |
| magnesium | instance of | snow and other forms of precipitation typically have low concentrations of divalent cations | 0.80 | text |
| sodium | instance of | They may have small concentrations of ions | 0.80 | text |
| chloride | instance of | They may have small concentrations of ions | 0.80 | text |
| sulfate derived from wind action over the sea.Where precipitation falls in drainage basins formed of hard | instance of | They may have small concentrations of ions | 0.80 | text |
| impervious | instance of | They may have small concentrations of ions | 0.80 | text |
| calcium-poor rocks | instance of | They may have small concentrations of ions | 0.80 | text |
| only very low concentrations of divalent cations are found | instance of | They may have small concentrations of ions | 0.80 | text |
| the water is termed soft water | instance of | They may have small concentrations of ions | 0.80 | text |
| sodium or potassium ions.Washing soda | instance of | by twice the number of mono cations | 0.80 | text |
| water heaters | instance of | especially in cases | 0.80 | text |
| Hard water | has effect | With | 0.60 | section |
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