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Post-quantum cryptography: Algorithms, Implementation & Security reductions

Post-quantum cryptography (PQC), sometimes referred to as quantum-proof, quantum-safe, or quantum-resistant, is the development of cryptographic algorithms (usually public-key algorithms) that are currently thought, but not proven, to be secure against a cryptanalytic attack by a quantum computer. Most widely used public-key algorithms rely on the…

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Post-quantum cryptography topic overview

The analysis highlights Algorithms, Implementation and Security reductions as prominent areas in the source structure around Post-quantum cryptography. 1 topic appears in more than one source area, which can help identify connections that are less obvious in a linear reading.

Related topics
99
Source areas
9
Connected nodes
109
Extracted relationships
401
Concept neighborhoods
38
Bridge connections
109

What this topic covers Research coverage

Source areas are shown by the number of related topics found in each part of the analysis. Use smaller areas too: they can reveal specialized angles and content gaps.

Algorithms · 36 topics
Implementation · 21 topics
Overview · 20 topics
Security reductions · 11 topics
Criticisms · 6 topics
Forward secrecy · 3 topics
Comparison · 1 topics
Open Quantum Safe project · 1 topics
Preparation · 1 topics

Smaller areas are not necessarily less important. They contain fewer connections in this analysis and can be useful for finding specialized angles or coverage gaps.

Explore all related topics Closing gaps

Browse the complete topic structure, not only the most central items. Less prominent entities and concepts can reveal missing angles, specialized context and useful research gaps. Each item opens a new analysis centered on that subject.

Overview

Preparation

Algorithms

Security reductions

Comparison

Forward secrecy

Open Quantum Safe project

Implementation

Criticisms

Advanced semantic analysis

Deeper signals for content research, entity SEO and topical coverage. The plain-language headings explain what each technical view is useful for.

How Post-quantum cryptography connects Entity context

The extracted context around Post-quantum cryptography shows recurring relationship patterns in the source. For example, Post-quantum cryptography → Abhisweta, Agrawal, Ahateshaam, Albrecht, Alexander, Anil Kumar, Ankit, APL Quantum, Applications, Approaching Storm, Archived, Art, Ashutosh, Bagirovs, Balvinder, Bavdekar, Bernstein, Bertram, Bharat, Bhatia Another extracted example is Post-quantum cryptography → At, BLISS, Dilithium, European Commission, GGH, Group, Kyber, LWE, ML-DSA, ML-KEM, NIST, NTRU, Others, Some, Stehle, Steinfeld, Studies, The Post-Quantum Cryptography Study, This, Two. Use these groups to spot repeated connection types before inspecting the individual relationships.

Post-quantum cryptography

Top relations

related to Further reading · 232
Post-quantum cryptography → Abhisweta, Agrawal, Ahateshaam, Albrecht, Alexander, Anil Kumar, Ankit, APL Quantum, Applications, Approaching Storm, Archived, Art, Ashutosh, Bagirovs, Balvinder, Bavdekar, Bernstein, Bertram, Bharat, Bhatia
related to Lattice-based cryptography · 20
Post-quantum cryptography → At, BLISS, Dilithium, European Commission, GGH, Group, Kyber, LWE, ML-DSA, ML-KEM, NIST, NTRU, Others, Some, Stehle, Steinfeld, Studies, The Post-Quantum Cryptography Study, This, Two
related to Implementation · 17
Post-quantum cryptography → ECC/Dilithium, ETH Zürich, FIDO2, Google, Google's NewHope, Hardware, Hellman, HSM, In August, Microsoft Research, PICNIC, PKI, Post-Quantum Extended Diffie, PQXDH, Test, The Signal Protocol, There
related to Code-based cryptography – McEliece · 16
Post-quantum cryptography → Cryptography Study, European Commission, For, GF, Goppa, Group, McEliece, NP-hard, Quasi-cyclic MDPC, SDP, The, The European Commission's Post-Quantum, The McEliece Encryption System, The Post-Quantum Cryptography Study, The SDP, With
related to Code-based cryptography · 15
Post-quantum cryptography → Courtois, European Commission, Finiasz, Goppa, Group, However, HQC, In, McEliece, Niederreiter, NIST, Sendrier Signature, The, The Post-Quantum Cryptography Study, This
related to Hybrid encryption · 15
Post-quantum cryptography → Apple's PQ3, Bernstein, Daniel, FIDO2, GCHQ, Google, One, PQ, PQ X25519, Signal's PQXDH, SIKE, The NSA, This, TLS, Y2Q
related to Comparison · 11
Post-quantum cryptography → From, Goppa-based McEliece, MB, MDPC-based McEliece, NTRU, On, One, Ring-LWE, SIDH, The, There
related to Lattice-based cryptography – NTRU, BLISS · 11
Post-quantum cryptography → BLISS, CVP, European Commission, Group, NP-hard, NTRU, Stehle, Steinfeld, The, The CVP, The Post-Quantum Cryptography Study
related to Criticisms · 9
Post-quantum cryptography → Additionally, However, IBM, In, Other, Post-quantum, Shor's, These, While
related to External links · 9
Post-quantum cryptography → Common Encryption AlgorithmsDilithium, DeploymentVulnerability Score, Excel, Post-Quantum, PQCrypto, ProjectPQCrypto Usage, Quantum Secure Standards EffortNIST's, SPHINCS, Tim Wambach

Important terminology

Use these terms to understand the vocabulary surrounding the topic, not as a checklist for keyword stuffing.

Important terminology

cryptography quantum post-quantum key security algorithms cryptographic signature scheme bits used encryption public mceliece algorithm doi also systems computers based

Post-quantum cryptography relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

TTTA extracted 401 structured relationships around Post-quantum cryptography. Examples in this analysis include Post-quantum cryptography → is a → implementation of potentially quantum safe algorithms into existing systems and learning with errors → instance of → Lattice-based cryptographyThis approach includes cryptographic systems. The table shows each extracted connection, where it came from and its confidence.

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
Post-quantum cryptographyis aimplementation of potentially quantum safe algorithms into existing systems0.90text
learning with errorsinstance ofLattice-based cryptographyThis approach includes cryptographic systems0.80text
ring learning with errorsinstance ofLattice-based cryptographyThis approach includes cryptographic systems0.80text
the Unbalanced Oilinstance ofwere among the first post-quantum algorithms standardised by NIST.Multivariate cryptographyThis includes cryptographic systems0.80text
Vinegar signature scheme which is based on the difficulty of solving systems of multivariate equationsinstance ofwere among the first post-quantum algorithms standardised by NIST.Multivariate cryptographyThis includes cryptographic systems0.80text
Lamport signaturesinstance ofnotably the Rainbow signature.Hash-based cryptographyThis includes cryptographic systems0.80text
the Merkle signature schemeinstance ofnotably the Rainbow signature.Hash-based cryptographyThis includes cryptographic systems0.80text
the XMSSinstance ofnotably the Rainbow signature.Hash-based cryptographyThis includes cryptographic systems0.80text
the SPHINCSinstance ofnotably the Rainbow signature.Hash-based cryptographyThis includes cryptographic systems0.80text
the WOTSinstance ofnotably the Rainbow signature.Hash-based cryptographyThis includes cryptographic systems0.80text
the Unbalanced Oilinstance ofMultivariate cryptographyThis includes cryptographic systems0.80text
Vinegar signature scheme which is based on the difficulty of solving systems of multivariate equationsinstance ofMultivariate cryptographyThis includes cryptographic systems0.80text

Related concept clusters Concept neighborhoods

The concept neighborhoods around Post-quantum cryptography bring nearby vocabulary together. In this analysis, examples include Post-quantum, Quantum and Algorithms. Use the clusters to find adjacent concepts and terminology that may deserve separate research.

  • Post-quantum cryptography
    • Post-quantum
    • Quantum
    • Algorithms
    • Computing
    • Use
    • Key
    • Encryption
    • Security
    • Cryptographic
    • Schemes
    • Used
    • Public
  • post-quantum cryptography
    • Post-quantum
    • Quantum
    • Use
    • Algorithms
    • Encryption
    • Computing
    • Key
    • Security
    • Cryptographic
    • Symmetric
    • Attack
    • Schemes
  • cryptographic algorithms
    • Systems
    • Algorithms
    • Cryptographic
    • Post-quantum
    • Schemes
    • Secure
    • Signature
    • Quantum
    • Used
    • Exchange
    • Ntru
    • Computing
  • quantum computer
    • Computers
    • Quantum
    • Computing
    • Algorithm
    • Symmetric
    • Secure
    • Cryptographic
    • Use
    • Systems
    • Using
    • Based
    • Key
  • institute for quantum computing
    • Computers
    • Computing
    • Quantum
    • Algorithm
    • Secure
    • Cryptographic
    • Symmetric
    • Cryptography
    • Systems
    • Used
    • Based
    • Key
  • symmetric cryptographic algorithms
    • Systems
    • Algorithms
    • Cryptographic
    • Post-quantum
    • Schemes
    • Secure
    • Signature
    • Quantum
    • Used
    • Exchange
    • Ntru
    • Computing
  • post-quantum cryptography standards
    • Post-quantum
    • Quantum
    • Use
    • Algorithms
    • Encryption
    • Computing
    • Key
    • Security
    • Cryptographic
    • Symmetric
    • Attack
    • Schemes
  • ring learning with errors key exchange
    • Public
    • Exchange
    • Forward
    • Key
    • Bits
    • Ring-lwe
    • Mceliece
    • Signature
    • Symmetric
    • Encryption
    • Systems
    • Post-quantum

Connections between topic areas Semantic bridges

For Post-quantum cryptography, one of the stronger structural bridges in this analysis connects Post-quantum cryptography with Algorithms. Bridges highlight paths between different parts of the map and can reveal research angles that are easy to miss in a flat list.

Min side: 3
Post-quantum cryptography — Algorithms · splits 73 ⟂ 37
Post-quantum cryptography — Implementation · splits 88 ⟂ 22
Post-quantum cryptography — Overview · splits 89 ⟂ 21
Post-quantum cryptography — Security reductions · splits 98 ⟂ 12
Post-quantum cryptography — Criticisms · splits 103 ⟂ 7
Post-quantum cryptography — Forward secrecy · splits 106 ⟂ 4

Map overview Semantic statistics

Post-quantum cryptography

Nodes110
Edges109
Triples401
Avg. degree1.98
Density0.018182
Components1

Source & methodology

TTTA analyzes the structure around Post-quantum cryptography to surface related topics, entities, relationships, concept neighborhoods and bridge connections. Use the map to explore areas such as Algorithms, Implementation & Security reductions, including less central topics that may reveal useful research gaps. Automatically extracted connections are research leads rather than rewritten encyclopedia content.

Source: Wikipedia — Post-quantum cryptography · EN edition · Analysis: TopicsToTalkAbout

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