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Osmium: Characters, History & Applications

Osmium (from Ancient Greek ὀσμή (osmḗ) 'smell') is a chemical element; it has symbol Os and atomic number 76. It is a hard, brittle, bluish-white transition metal in the platinum group. It was discovered in 1803 by Smithson Tennant, who named it for the characteristic smell of its volatile oxide. Osmium has the highest density of any stable element and…

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Osmium topic overview

The analysis highlights Characters, History and Applications as prominent areas in the source structure around Osmium.

Related topics
145
Source areas
7
Connected nodes
152
Extracted relationships
179
Concept neighborhoods
33
Bridge connections
152

What this topic covers Research coverage

Source areas are shown by the number of related topics found in each part of the analysis. Use smaller areas too: they can reveal specialized angles and content gaps.

Characteristics · 47 topics
Applications · 29 topics
History · 24 topics
Occurrence · 21 topics
Overview · 14 topics
Production · 9 topics
Precautions · 1 topics

Smaller areas are not necessarily less important. They contain fewer connections in this analysis and can be useful for finding specialized angles or coverage gaps.

Key facts & relationships

High-confidence facts extracted from structured source data. Use them as anchors for further research.

184Os
0.02%
185Os
synth
186Os
1.59%
187Os
1.96%
188Os
13.2%
189Os
16.1%

Explore all related topics Closing gaps

Browse the complete topic structure, not only the most central items. Less prominent entities and concepts can reveal missing angles, specialized context and useful research gaps. Each item opens a new analysis centered on that subject.

Overview

Characteristics

History

Occurrence

Production

Applications

Precautions

Advanced semantic analysis

Deeper signals for content research, entity SEO and topical coverage. The plain-language headings explain what each technical view is useful for.

How Osmium connects Entity context

The extracted context around Osmium shows recurring relationship patterns in the source. For example, Osmium → After, Antoine François, Chemists, Chocó Department, Colombia, Discovery, England, Europe, Fourcroy, French, Greek, He, However, In, Its, Joseph Louis Proust, June, Later, London, Louis Nicolas Vauquelin Another extracted example is Osmium → Archived March, Cambridge University Press, Chisholm, Disappearing Isotope, Encyclopædia Britannica, Flegenheimer, Hugh, Nottingham, Química, Revista Virtual, The Mystery, The Periodic Table, University, Videos, Vol, Wayback Machine, XX. Use these groups to spot repeated connection types before inspecting the individual relationships.

Osmium

Top relations

related to history · 32
Osmium → After, Antoine François, Chemists, Chocó Department, Colombia, Discovery, England, Europe, Fourcroy, French, Greek, He, However, In, Its, Joseph Louis Proust, June, Later, London, Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
related to External links · 17
Osmium → Archived March, Cambridge University Press, Chisholm, Disappearing Isotope, Encyclopædia Britannica, Flegenheimer, Hugh, Nottingham, Química, Revista Virtual, The Mystery, The Periodic Table, University, Videos, Vol, Wayback Machine, XX
related to Production · 16
Osmium → After, Both, During, Ir, IV, Modern, NH4, OsO4, Rhodium, RuO4, Separating, Several, Tennant, The, Two, Wollaston
related to Chemical properties · 14
Osmium → Another, CO, Examples, K2, Na2, OH, Os, Os2, Os4, OsO2, OsO3N, OsO4, The, With
related to Occurrence · 8
Osmium → As, Earth's, In, Pd, PdSb, Pt, PtAs2, PtBiTe
has application · 5
Osmium → Because, LP, Only, Osmium-alloy, They
related to Isotopes · 4
Osmium → Alpha, At, Os, The
related to Physical properties · 4
Osmium → Only, Reflectivity, The, X-ray
related to Precautions · 3
Osmium → At, Its, OsO4
related to Price · 3
Osmium → Because, Between, US

Important terminology

Use these terms to understand the vocabulary surrounding the topic, not as a checklist for keyword stuffing.

Important terminology

platinum metals iridium metal oxidation os nickel volatile copper used stable states tetroxide element group residue platinum-group applications oso4 production

Osmium relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

TTTA extracted 179 structured relationships around Osmium. Examples in this analysis include Osmium → 184Os → 0.02% and Osmium → 185Os → synth. The table shows each extracted connection, where it came from and its confidence.

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
Osmium184Os0.02%1.00infobox
Osmium185Ossynth1.00infobox
Osmium186Os1.59%1.00infobox
Osmium187Os1.96%1.00infobox
Osmium188Os13.2%1.00infobox
Osmium189Os16.1%1.00infobox
Osmium190Os26.3%1.00infobox
Osmium191Ossynth1.00infobox
Osmium192Os40.8%1.00infobox
Osmium193Ossynth1.00infobox
Osmium194Ossynth1.00infobox
OsmiumAppearancesilvery, blue cast1.00infobox
Osmiumat T (K)31601.00infobox
OsmiumAtomic number (Z)761.00infobox
OsmiumAtomic radiusempirical: 135 pm1.00infobox
OsmiumBlockd-block1.00infobox
OsmiumBoiling point5281 K ​(5008 °C, ​9046 °F)1.00infobox
OsmiumBrinell hardness3920 MPa1.00infobox
OsmiumBulk modulus462 GPa1.00infobox
OsmiumCAS Number7440-04-21.00infobox
OsmiumCovalent radius144±4 pm1.00infobox
OsmiumCrystal structure​hexagonal close-packed (hcp) (hP2)1.00infobox
OsmiumDensity (at 20° C)22.587 g/cm31.00infobox
OsmiumDiscovery and first isolationSmithson Tennant (1803)1.00infobox
OsmiumElectrical resistivity81.2 nΩ⋅m (at 0 °C)1.00infobox
OsmiumElectron configuration[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s21.00infobox
OsmiumElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.21.00infobox
OsmiumElectrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 21.00infobox
OsmiumGroupgroup 81.00infobox
OsmiumHeat of fusion57.851 kJ/mol (at m.p.)1.00infobox

Related concept clusters Concept neighborhoods

The concept neighborhoods around Osmium bring nearby vocabulary together. In this analysis, examples include Iridium, Metals and Oxidation. Use the clusters to find adjacent concepts and terminology that may deserve separate research.

  • Osmium
    • Iridium
    • Metals
    • Oxidation
    • Tetroxide
    • Nickel
    • Platinum
    • Copper
    • Platinum-group
    • Applications
    • Stable
    • Volatile
    • States
  • osmium
    • Iridium
    • Metals
    • Oxidation
    • Tetroxide
    • Nickel
    • Platinum
    • Copper
    • Platinum-group
    • Applications
    • Stable
    • Volatile
    • States
  • chemical element
    • Electron
    • Applications
    • Element
    • Production
    • One
    • Iridium
    • Found
    • Copper
    • Group
    • Stable
    • Nickel
    • Carbon
  • transition metal
    • Volatile
    • Platinum
    • Applications
    • Production
    • Tennant
    • Group
    • Residue
    • Tetroxide
    • Osmium
    • Carbon
    • Hardness
    • Isotopes
  • platinum group
    • Iridium
    • Platinum
    • First
    • Copper
    • Stable
    • Metals
    • Residue
    • Nickel
    • Hardness
    • Metal
    • Applications
    • Platinum-group
  • iridium
    • Platinum
    • Residue
    • Metals
    • Osmium
    • Hardness
    • One
    • Sodium
    • Tennant
    • Two
    • Nickel
    • Platinum-group
    • Carbon
  • hardness
    • Carbon
    • Tungsten
    • High
    • Platinum-group
    • Iridium
    • Isotopes
    • Platinum
    • Electron
    • First
    • Smell
    • Metals
    • Elements
  • stable element
    • One
    • Iridium
    • Found
    • Tungsten
    • Copper
    • Group
    • Stable
    • Nickel
    • Metal
    • Os
    • Platinum
    • Alloys

Connections between topic areas Semantic bridges

For Osmium, one of the stronger structural bridges in this analysis connects Osmium with Characteristics. Bridges highlight paths between different parts of the map and can reveal research angles that are easy to miss in a flat list.

Min side: 3
OsmiumCharacteristics · splits 105 ⟂ 48
OsmiumApplications · splits 123 ⟂ 30
OsmiumHistory · splits 128 ⟂ 25
OsmiumOccurrence · splits 131 ⟂ 22
OsmiumOverview · splits 138 ⟂ 15
OsmiumProduction · splits 143 ⟂ 10

Map overview Semantic statistics

Osmium

Nodes153
Edges152
Triples179
Avg. degree1.99
Density0.013072
Components1

Source & methodology

TTTA analyzes the structure around Osmium to surface related topics, entities, relationships, concept neighborhoods and bridge connections. Use the map to explore areas such as Characters, History & Applications, including less central topics that may reveal useful research gaps. Automatically extracted connections are research leads rather than rewritten encyclopedia content.

Source: Wikipedia — Osmium · EN edition · Analysis: TopicsToTalkAbout

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