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Runes

Runes are the letters in a set of related alphabets, known as rune-rows, runic alphabets or futharks, native to the Germanic peoples. Runes were primarily used to represent sound values (phonemes) but they were also used to represent the concepts after which they are named (ideographic runes). Runology is the academic study of the runic alphabets, runic…

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Child systems
Elder Futhark Younger Futhark Anglo-Saxon futhorc
Direction
Left-to-right, boustrophedon, bidirectional text
Languages
Germanic languages
Parent systems
Proto-SinaiticPhoenicianGreek alphabetOld ItalicRunic · PhoenicianGreek alphabetOld ItalicRunic · Greek alphabetOld ItalicRunic · Old ItalicRunic · Runic
Period
Elder Futhark from the 2nd century AD
Script type
Alphabet

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Overview

Name

History and use

Runic alphabets

Ideographic runes

Runology

Body of inscriptions

Modern use

Unicode

Runology works

Similar scripts to runes

Advanced semantic analysis

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Map overview Semantic statistics

Runes

Nodes277
Edges276
Triples361
Avg. degree1.99
Density0.00722
Components1

How this topic connects Entity context

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Runes

Top relations

related to External links · 38
Runes → Austin, Beale, Christer, Data Paper, Edmund William, Encyclopædia Britannica, Frisia Coast Trail, Galinn, Gareth, Inscriptions, Internet Archaeology, Jonathan Slocum, Julian, Krause, Linguistics Research Center, Maeshowe, Nela, Nicole, NO, Norse Online
related to Norwegian post-Reformation runes · 24
Runes → Approximately, Arild Huitfeldt, Bent Bille, But, Denmark, During, Gardie, Gert Miltzow, Gotland, Hans Jacob Wille, Hardanger, Iceland, Jacob, Mogens Gyldenstierne, Norway, Norwegian, Ole Worm, Peder Alfssøn, Roman, Sweden
related to Origins · 22
Runes → BC, Bolzano, But, Elder Futhark, Etruscan, Germanic, Giuliano, Harigast, Kylver Stone, Larissa Bonfante, Latin, Negau, North Etruscan, North Italic, Rhaetic, Romans, Scandinavian, Specifically, The, This
related to Early inscriptions · 21
Runes → AD, Artifacts, Denmark, Earlier, Elder Futhark, Europe, Funen, Germany, Jutland, Kylver Stone, Meldorf, North Germany, Notably, Period, Runic, Scania, Schleswig, Sweden, Süderdithmarschen, These
related to Fantasy literature · 17
Runes → Anglo-Saxon, Antiquary, Casting, Cirth, Dwarves, Following Tolkien, In, James, Khuzdul, Medievalist, More Ghost Stories, Rings, The Hobbit, The Lord, They, Tolkien, Tolkien's
related to Medieval runes (12th to 15th centuries) · 17
Runes → Bergen, Bryggen, Dotted, In, Indeed, Inscriptions, Latin, Medieval, Middle Ages, Norwegian, Notably, Of, Old Norse, Scandinavia, Scandinavian, This, Younger Futhark
related to Elder Futhark (2nd to 8th centuries) · 16
Runes → AD, An, Ansuz, Each, Elder Futhark, For, Germanic, Gothic, Gotland, Kylver Stone, Old Norse, Proto-Germanic, Proto-Norse, Sweden, The, The Elder Futhark
related to Anglo-Saxon runes (5th to 11th centuries) · 15
Runes → Anglo-Frisian, Anglo-Saxon, Cotton Otho, England, Frisia, Futhorc, It, One, Ruthwell Cross, Scandinavians, Some, Thames, The Anglo-Saxon, There, Vienna Codex
related to Runes in Eddic poetry · 15
Runes → AD, And, Hávamál, In, In Norse, Noleby Runestone, Odin, Ok, Old Norse, Poetic Edda, Runo, Sparlösa Runestone, Stanza, The, This
see also · 15
Runes → Ancient, Catalogue, Codex Runicus, Database, Elder Futhark, Group, Historic, Literary, Medieval Danish, Runic, Scandinavian, Study, SwedenPentadic, Swedish, Symbolic

Important terminology Word statistics

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Important terminology

runic germanic used inscriptions futhark also use early alphabet rune letters ad elder found latin century alphabets anglo-saxon younger modern

Entity relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
RunesChild systemsElder Futhark Younger Futhark Anglo-Saxon futhorc1.00infobox
RunesDirectionLeft-to-right, boustrophedon, bidirectional text1.00infobox
RunesISO 15924.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}Runr (211), ​Runic1.00infobox
RunesLanguagesGermanic languages1.00infobox
RunesParent systemsProto-SinaiticPhoenicianGreek alphabetOld ItalicRunic1.00infobox
RunesParent systemsPhoenicianGreek alphabetOld ItalicRunic1.00infobox
RunesParent systemsGreek alphabetOld ItalicRunic1.00infobox
RunesParent systemsOld ItalicRunic1.00infobox
RunesParent systemsRunic1.00infobox
RunesPeriodElder Futhark from the 2nd century AD1.00infobox
RunesScript typeAlphabet1.00infobox
RunesUnicode aliasRunic1.00infobox
RunesUnicode rangeU+16A0–U+16FF1.00infobox

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