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Key encapsulation mechanism

In cryptography, a key encapsulation mechanism (KEM) is a public-key cryptosystem that allows a sender to generate a short secret key and transmit it to a receiver confidentially, in spite of eavesdropping and intercepting adversaries. Modern standards for public-key encryption of arbitrary messages are usually based on KEMs.

Applications & Standards

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Applications

Symmetric-key cryptography Digital signatures Selectively modify EFAIL Authenticated key agreement

14 related topics

Definition

Bottom Asymptotic setting Probabilistic polynomial-time Security parameter ML-KEM

10 related topics

Examples and motivation

RSA encryption Semiprime Carmichael function Known-plaintext attack AES

10 related topics

Difference from public-key encryption

Symmetric key Authenticated cipher Hybrid cryptosystem RSAES-PKCS1-v1_5 RSAES-OAEP

6 related topics

Topics to explore

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Overview

Cryptography
Public-key cryptosystem Public-key cryptography
Eavesdropping Network eavesdropping
Intercepting Man-in-the-middle attack
Public-key encryption
Pseudorandomly Pseudorandom function family

Difference from public-key encryption

Symmetric key
Authenticated cipher Authenticated encryption
Hybrid cryptosystem
RSAES-PKCS1-v1_5 PKCS 1
RSAES-OAEP Optimal asymmetric encryption padding
Elgamal encryption

Definition

Bottom Up tack
Asymptotic setting Asymptotic analysis
Probabilistic polynomial-time
Security parameter
ML-KEM
RFC RFC (identifier)
Key derivation function
Indistinguishability against adaptive chosen-ciphertext attack Ciphertext indistinguishability
Key generation
Fair coin

Applications

Symmetric-key cryptography
Digital signatures
Selectively modify Malleability (cryptography)
EFAIL
Authenticated key agreement
TLS Transport Layer Security
Forward secrecy
Integer factorization
Quantum computers Quantum computing
Shor's algorithm
Learning with errors
DH-KEM Key encapsulation mechanism
X25519
Hybrid Post-quantum cryptography

Examples and motivation

RSA encryption
Semiprime
Carmichael function
Known-plaintext attack
AES Advanced Encryption Standard
Real number
Randomized padding schemes RSA (cryptosystem)
RSA problem
Finite field
ECIES, Elliptic Curve Integrated Encryption Scheme Integrated Encryption Scheme

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Key encapsulation mechanism

Nodes52

Edges51

Triples18

Avg. degree1.96

Density0.038462

Components1

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Key encapsulation mechanism

Top relations

related to Public-key encryption · 5

Key encapsulation mechanism → DEM, Gen/Encap/Decap, Given, KEM, The

Important terminology Word statistics

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Important terminology

displaystyle key mathit encryption operatorname secret encapsulation kem public-key random sk pk mod private message c' return ciphertext public bmod

Entity relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

Subject	Predicate	Object	Confidence	Src
RSAES-PKCS1-	instance of	This serves to compose a public-key encryption scheme out of a KEM and a symmetric-key authenticated cipher in a hybrid cryptosystem.Most public-key encryption schemes	0.80	text
TLS with forward secrecy for an online session	instance of	which not only fails IND-CCA on a technicality but also can compromise confidentiality in practice as in EFAIL.Key agreement protocolsA KEM can also be used in an authenticated…	0.80	text
by having the client	instance of	which not only fails IND-CCA on a technicality but also can compromise confidentiality in practice as in EFAIL.Key agreement protocolsA KEM can also be used in an authenticated…	0.80	text
server generate KEM key pairs	instance of	which not only fails IND-CCA on a technicality but also can compromise confidentiality in practice as in EFAIL.Key agreement protocolsA KEM can also be used in an authenticated…	0.80	text
exchange signed encapsulations using those key pairs	instance of	which not only fails IND-CCA on a technicality but also can compromise confidentiality in practice as in EFAIL.Key agreement protocolsA KEM can also be used in an authenticated…	0.80	text
which they then erase at the end of the session	instance of	which not only fails IND-CCA on a technicality but also can compromise confidentiality in practice as in EFAIL.Key agreement protocolsA KEM can also be used in an authenticated…	0.80	text
ML-KEM is sometimes called a hybrid	instance of	into a combined KEM which is secure if either KEM1 or KEM2 is secure.A KEM that combines a quantum-vulnerable KEM such as DH-KEM using X25519 with a post-quantum KEM	0.80	text
not to be confused with a hybrid cryptosystem which combines public-key cryptography with symmetric-key cryptography	instance of	into a combined KEM which is secure if either KEM1 or KEM2 is secure.A KEM that combines a quantum-vulnerable KEM such as DH-KEM using X25519 with a post-quantum KEM	0.80	text
TLS with forward secrecy for an online session	instance of	Key agreement protocolsA KEM can also be used in an authenticated key agreement protocol	0.80	text
by having the client	instance of	Key agreement protocolsA KEM can also be used in an authenticated key agreement protocol	0.80	text
server generate KEM key pairs	instance of	Key agreement protocolsA KEM can also be used in an authenticated key agreement protocol	0.80	text
exchange signed encapsulations using those key pairs	instance of	Key agreement protocolsA KEM can also be used in an authenticated key agreement protocol	0.80	text

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