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Bromine: History, Applications & Standards

Bromine is a chemical element; it has symbol Br and atomic number 35. It is a volatile red-brown liquid at room temperature that evaporates readily to form a similarly coloured vapour. Its properties are intermediate between those of chlorine and iodine. Isolated independently by two chemists, Carl Jacob Löwig (in 1825) and Antoine Jérôme Balard (in…

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Bromine topic overview

The analysis highlights History, Applications and Standards as prominent areas in the source structure around Bromine.

Related topics
287
Source areas
8
Connected nodes
295
Extracted relationships
164
Related term clusters
60
Bridge connections
295

What this topic covers Research coverage

Source areas are shown by the number of related topics found in each part of the analysis. Use smaller areas too: they can reveal specialized angles and content gaps.

Chemistry and compounds · 103 topics
Applications · 58 topics
Overview · 38 topics
History · 32 topics
Biological role and toxicity · 26 topics
Properties · 23 topics
Occurrence and production · 4 topics
General and cited references · 3 topics

Smaller areas are not necessarily less important. They contain fewer connections in this analysis and can be useful for finding specialized angles or coverage gaps.

Key facts & relationships

High-confidence facts extracted from structured source data. Use them as anchors for further research.

75Br
synth
76Br
synth
77Br
synth
79Br
50.6%
80Br
synth
80mBr
synth

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Explore all related topics Closing gaps

Browse the complete topic structure, not only the most central items. Less prominent entities and concepts can reveal missing angles, specialized context and useful research gaps. Each item opens a new analysis centered on that subject.

Overview

History

Properties

Chemistry and compounds

Occurrence and production

Applications

Biological role and toxicity

General and cited references

For the semantics nerds

You can skip this section if you’re here for content ideas and keyword inspiration.

Advanced semantic analysis

How Bromine connects Entity context

The extracted context around Bromine shows recurring relationship patterns in the source. For example, Bromine → Apart, Br, BrCl, BrCN, BrF, BrN3, BrSCN, CHO, CO2Et, NO2, OMe, PhX, XY, XY3, XY5, XY7 Another extracted example is Bromine → Asparagopsis, Br, CH3Br, DNA, Eosinophil, H2O2, Haloesters, Hawaiian, IV, Marine, Neutrophil, Nevertheless, REM. Use these groups to spot repeated connection types before inspecting the individual relationships.

Bromine

Top relations

related to Bromine halides · 16
Bromine → Apart, Br, BrCl, BrCN, BrF, BrN3, BrSCN, CHO, CO2Et, NO2, OMe, PhX, XY, XY3, XY5, XY7
related to Biological role and toxicity · 13
Bromine → Asparagopsis, Br, CH3Br, DNA, Eosinophil, H2O2, Haloesters, Hawaiian, IV, Marine, Neutrophil, Nevertheless, REM
related to Properties · 12
Bromine → Ar, Br, Cl, Conversely, Corresponding, Iodine, Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner, Like, Specifically, Thus, Waals, X2
related to Occurrence and production · 9
Bromine → Br, Br2, Dead Sea, Earth's, Israel, Jordan, Laboratory, Salt, Today
related to Other binary bromides · 8
Bromine → Another, Br2, Bromides, Bromination, Cl2, Nearly, Nonetheless, XeBr2
related to Flame retardants · 7
Bromine → Brominated, Epoxies, FR, FR-2, FR-4, One, Specific
related to Organobromine compounds · 7
Bromine → Br, Due, Formally, Grignard, Like, N-bromosuccinimide, Organobromides
is a · 5
Bromine → chemical element, reddish-brown volatile liquid that freezes at, tenth most abundant element in seawater.The main sources of bromine production are Israel and Jordan, very poor conductor of electricity, weaker oxidising agent than chlorine but a stronger one than iodine
related to Chemistry and compounds · 5
Bromine → Bond, Br, Bromination, Cl, X2/X
related to Hydrogen bromide · 5
Bromine → Aqueous, HBr, Hydrobromic, Industrially, The HBr/H2O

Important terminology

Use these terms to understand the vocabulary surrounding the topic, not as a checklist for keyword stuffing.

Important terminology

bromide chlorine compounds used iodine br organobromine element hydrogen may also bromides thus oxidation form liquid intermediate salts acid one

Bromine relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

TTTA extracted 164 structured relationships around Bromine. Examples in this analysis include Bromine → 75Br → synth and Bromine → 79Br → 50.6%. The table shows each extracted connection, where it came from and its confidence.

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
Bromine75Brsynth1.00infobox
Bromine76Brsynth1.00infobox
Bromine77Brsynth1.00infobox
Bromine79Br50.6%1.00infobox
Bromine80Brsynth1.00infobox
Bromine80mBrsynth1.00infobox
Bromine81Br49.4%1.00infobox
Bromine82Brsynth1.00infobox
BromineAppearancereddish-brown liquid1.00infobox
Bromineat T (K)1851.00infobox
BromineAtomic number (Z)351.00infobox
BromineAtomic radiusempirical: 120 pm1.00infobox
BromineBlockp-block1.00infobox
BromineBoiling point(Br2) 332.0 K ​(58.8 °C, ​137.8 °F)1.00infobox
BromineCAS Number7726-95-61.00infobox
BromineCovalent radius120±3 pm1.00infobox
BromineCritical point588 K, 10.34 MPa1.00infobox
BromineCrystal structure​orthorhombic (oS8)1.00infobox
BromineDensity (near r.t.)Br2, liquid: 3.1028 g/cm31.00infobox
BromineDiscovery and first isolationAntoine Jérôme Balard and Carl Jacob Löwig (1825)1.00infobox
BromineElectrical resistivity7.8×1010 Ω⋅m (at 20 °C)1.00infobox
BromineElectron configuration[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p51.00infobox
BromineElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.961.00infobox
BromineElectrons per shell2, 8, 18, 71.00infobox
BromineGroupgroup 17 (halogens)1.00infobox
BromineHeat of fusion(Br2) 10.571 kJ/mol1.00infobox
BromineHeat of vaporisation(Br2) 29.96 kJ/mol1.00infobox
BromineIonisation energies1st: 1139.9 kJ/mol1.00infobox
BromineIonisation energies2nd: 2103 kJ/mol1.00infobox
BromineIonisation energies3rd: 3470 kJ/mol1.00infobox

Related concept clusters Related term clusters

The concept neighborhoods around Bromine bring nearby vocabulary together. In this analysis, examples include Chlorine, Bromide and Compounds. Use the clusters to find adjacent concepts and terminology that may deserve separate research.

  • Bromine
    • Chlorine
    • Bromide
    • Compounds
    • Used
    • Iodine
    • May
    • Hydrogen
    • Element
    • Br
    • Gas
    • Also
    • Group
  • bromine
    • Chlorine
    • Bromide
    • Compounds
    • Used
    • Iodine
    • May
    • Hydrogen
    • Element
    • Br
    • Gas
    • Also
    • Group
  • chemical element
    • Gas
    • Hydrogen
    • Carbon
    • Iodine
    • States
    • Liquid
    • Stable
    • Bromides
    • Thus
    • Bromide
    • Balard
    • Halogen
  • chlorine
    • Iodine
    • Intermediate
    • One
    • Fluorine
    • Halogens
    • Elements
    • Gas
    • Thus
    • Used
    • Group
    • States
    • Element
  • free element
    • Gas
    • Hydrogen
    • Carbon
    • Iodine
    • States
    • Liquid
    • Stable
    • Bromides
    • Thus
    • Bromide
    • Balard
    • Halogen
  • halogens
    • Fluorine
    • Group
    • Iodine
    • Gas
    • Liquid
    • Stable
    • Intermediate
    • Thus
    • Balard
    • Carbon
    • Halogen
    • Isotopes
  • bromide
    • Hydrogen
    • Used
    • Bromine
    • Salts
    • Oxidation
    • Compounds
    • Known
    • Example
    • Bromides
    • Fluorine
    • Gas
    • Element
  • organobromine compounds
    • Organobromine
    • Used
    • Organic
    • Carbon
    • Isotopes
    • Fluorine
    • Group
    • Halogens
    • States
    • Gas
    • Intermediate
    • Oxidation

Connections between topic areas Semantic bridges

For Bromine, one of the stronger structural bridges in this analysis connects Bromine with Chemistry and compounds. Bridges highlight paths between different parts of the map and can reveal research angles that are easy to miss in a flat list.

Min side: 3
Bromine — Chemistry and compounds · splits 192 ⟂ 104
Bromine — Applications · splits 237 ⟂ 59
Bromine — Overview · splits 257 ⟂ 39
Bromine — History · splits 263 ⟂ 33
Bromine — Biological role and toxicity · splits 269 ⟂ 27
Bromine — Properties · splits 272 ⟂ 24
Bromine — Occurrence and production · splits 291 ⟂ 5
Bromine — General and cited references · splits 292 ⟂ 4

Map overview Semantic statistics

Bromine

Nodes296
Edges295
Triples164
Avg. degree1.99
Density0.006757
Components1

Source & methodology

TTTA analyzes the structure around Bromine to surface related topics, entities, relationships, concept neighborhoods and bridge connections. Use the map to explore areas such as History, Applications & Standards, including less central topics that may reveal useful research gaps. Automatically extracted connections are research leads rather than rewritten encyclopedia content.

Source: Wikipedia — Bromine · EN edition · Analysis: TopicsToTalkAbout

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