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Initialization vector

In cryptography, an initialization vector (IV) or starting variable is an input to a cryptographic primitive being used to provide the initial state. The IV is typically required to be random or pseudorandom, but sometimes an IV only needs to be unpredictable or unique. Randomization is crucial for some encryption schemes to achieve semantic security, a…

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Overview

Motivation

Properties

Block ciphers

Stream ciphers

WEP IV

SSL 2.0 IV

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Initialization vector

Nodes45
Edges44
Triples23
Avg. degree1.96
Density0.044444
Components1

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Initialization vector

Top relations

related to Motivation · 15
Initialization vector → AES, CBC, ECB, Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS, For, However, If, In, It, NIST, PUB, The, This, To

Important terminology Word statistics

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Important terminology

iv block encryption key plaintext used ciphers ciphertext schemes cipher data input size cryptographic random modes mode unpredictable state operation

Entity relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
RC4 do not support an explicit IV as inputinstance ofTraditional stream ciphers0.80text
and a custom solution for incorporating an IV into the cipher's key or internal state is neededinstance ofTraditional stream ciphers0.80text
entropy lossinstance ofand considering other issues0.80text
unique to each cipher constructioninstance ofand considering other issues0.80text
related-IVsinstance ofand considering other issues0.80text
other IV-related attacks are a known security issue for stream ciphersinstance ofand considering other issues0.80text
which makes IV loading in stream ciphers a serious concerninstance ofand considering other issues0.80text
a subject of ongoing researchinstance ofand considering other issues0.80text
Initialization vectorrelated to MotivationHowever0.60section
Initialization vectorrelated to MotivationFor0.60section
Initialization vectorrelated to MotivationAES0.60section
Initialization vectorrelated to MotivationThe0.60section

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