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The Quaternary (/kwəˈtɜːrnəri/ kwə-TUR-nər-ee, .
History & Research
Explore the main themes, entities and connections around Quaternary. Start with the topic map, then use the sections below for research and deeper semantic analysis.
Start with a few of the strongest sections from the source topic. These are research directions, not a list of keywords you must use.
High-confidence facts extracted from structured source data. Use them as anchors for further research.
Browse the full topic structure. Each item opens a new analysis centered on that subject.
Deeper signals for content research, entity SEO and topical coverage. The plain-language headings explain what each technical view is useful for.
See the strongest relationship patterns around the current topic before diving into the raw triples.
Use these terms to understand the vocabulary surrounding the topic, not as a checklist for keyword stuffing.
period years ago ics time pleistocene international million present epoch holocene scale neogene climate proposed mw-parser-output stratigraphy 2024 current cenozoic
| Subject | Predicate | Object | Confidence | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Celestial body | Earth | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Chronological unit | Period | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Lower boundary definition | Base of magnetic polarity chronozone C2r (Matuyama) | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Lower boundary definition | Extinction of the Haptophytes Discoaster pentaradiatus and Discoaster surculus | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Lower boundary GSSP | Monte San Nicola Section, Gela, Sicily, Italy .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefau… | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Lower GSSP ratified | 2009 (as base of Quaternary and Pleistocene) | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Mean atmospheric CO2 content | c. 250 ppm (0.9 times pre-industrial) | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Mean atmospheric O2 content | c. 20.8 vol % (100% of modern) | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Mean surface temperature | c. 14 °C (0.5 °C above pre-industrial) | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Name formality | Formal | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Regional usage | Global (ICS) | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Stratigraphic unit | System | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Time scale(s) used | ICS Time Scale | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Time span formality | Formal | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Upper boundary definition | Present day | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Upper boundary GSSP | N/A | 1.00 | infobox |
| Quaternary | Upper GSSP ratified | N/A | 1.00 | infobox |
These clusters group vocabulary that occurs around closely connected concepts in the source material.
Bridges can reveal useful research angles that are easy to miss in a flat list of related terms.