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Protactinium: History & Applications

Protactinium is a chemical element; it has symbol Pa and atomic number 91. It is a dense, radioactive, silvery-gray actinide metal which readily reacts with oxygen, water vapor, and inorganic acids. It forms various chemical compounds, in which protactinium is usually present in the oxidation state +5, but it can also assume +4 and even +3 or +2 states.…

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Protactinium topic overview

The analysis highlights History and Applications as prominent areas in the source structure around Protactinium.

Related topics
157
Source areas
9
Connected nodes
170
Extracted relationships
161
Concept neighborhoods
34
Bridge connections
170

What this topic covers Research coverage

Source areas are shown by the number of related topics found in each part of the analysis. Use smaller areas too: they can reveal specialized angles and content gaps.

Chemical compounds · 37 topics
Overview · 36 topics
History · 28 topics
Occurrence · 17 topics
Isotopes · 11 topics
Applications · 10 topics
Properties · 9 topics
Precautions · 5 topics
Preparation · 4 topics

Smaller areas are not necessarily less important. They contain fewer connections in this analysis and can be useful for finding specialized angles or coverage gaps.

Key facts & relationships

High-confidence facts extracted from structured source data. Use them as anchors for further research.

229Pa
synth
230Pa
synth
231Pa
100%
232Pa
synth
233Pa
trace
234mPa
trace

Explore all related topics Closing gaps

Browse the complete topic structure, not only the most central items. Less prominent entities and concepts can reveal missing angles, specialized context and useful research gaps. Each item opens a new analysis centered on that subject.

Overview

History

Isotopes

Occurrence

Preparation

Properties

Chemical compounds

Applications

Precautions

Bibliography

Advanced semantic analysis

Deeper signals for content research, entity SEO and topical coverage. The plain-language headings explain what each technical view is useful for.

How Protactinium connects Entity context

The extracted context around Protactinium shows recurring relationship patterns in the source. For example, Protactinium → Crookes, Dmitri Mendeleev, For, Frederick Soddy, Germany, Great Britain, Greek, His, In, IV, John Cranston, Kasimir Fajans, Latin, Lise Meitner, Meitner, Mendeleev, Oswald Helmuth Göhring, Otto Hahn, Tantalum's, The Another extracted example is Protactinium → A3PaO4, A7PaO6, Another, APaO3, In, It, Its, Pa2O5, PaO, PaO2, R2O3, The, With. Use these groups to spot repeated connection types before inspecting the individual relationships.

Protactinium

Top relations

related to history · 27
Protactinium → Crookes, Dmitri Mendeleev, For, Frederick Soddy, Germany, Great Britain, Greek, His, In, IV, John Cranston, Kasimir Fajans, Latin, Lise Meitner, Meitner, Mendeleev, Oswald Helmuth Göhring, Otto Hahn, Tantalum's, The
related to Oxides and oxygen-containing salts · 13
Protactinium → A3PaO4, A7PaO6, Another, APaO3, In, It, Its, Pa2O5, PaO, PaO2, R2O3, The, With
related to Precautions · 12
Protactinium → As, Bq/m3, For, From, GBq, Germany, However, In, Its, Only, Pa, The
related to Organometallic compounds · 10
Protactinium → Another, Be, C5H5, C8H8, IV, K2C8H8, One, Pa, Similar, There
related to Other inorganic compounds · 10
Protactinium → BH4, In, It, Oxyhalides, Pa, PaC, PaOBr3, PaOS, The, This
related to Occurrence · 9
Protactinium → Congo, Czech Republic, Democratic Republic, It, Jáchymov, Much, Nearly, There, Whereas
related to In nuclear reactors · 8
Protactinium → Extraction, In, It, Protactinium-233, The, Thus, To, Two
related to Halides · 7
Protactinium → Brown-colored, III, It, IV, The, There, UF5
has application · 4
Protactinium → Although, However, It, Walter Seifritz
related to External links · 4
Protactinium → Nottingham, The Periodic Table, University, Videos

Important terminology

Use these terms to understand the vocabulary surrounding the topic, not as a checklist for keyword stuffing.

Important terminology

231pa decay uranium isotope element thorium nuclear half-life also produced structure metal isotopes water years chemical pa 233pa first chloride

Protactinium relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

TTTA extracted 161 structured relationships around Protactinium. Examples in this analysis include Protactinium → 229Pa → synth and Protactinium → 231Pa → 100%. The table shows each extracted connection, where it came from and its confidence.

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
Protactinium229Pasynth1.00infobox
Protactinium230Pasynth1.00infobox
Protactinium231Pa100%1.00infobox
Protactinium232Pasynth1.00infobox
Protactinium233Patrace1.00infobox
Protactinium234mPatrace1.00infobox
Protactinium234Patrace1.00infobox
ProtactiniumAppearancebright, silvery metallic luster1.00infobox
ProtactiniumAtomic number (Z)911.00infobox
ProtactiniumAtomic radiusempirical: 163 pm1.00infobox
ProtactiniumBlockf-block1.00infobox
ProtactiniumBoiling point4300 K ​(4027 °C, ​7280 °F) (?)1.00infobox
ProtactiniumCAS Number7440-13-31.00infobox
ProtactiniumCovalent radius200 pm1.00infobox
ProtactiniumCrystal structure​body-centered tetragonal (tI2)1.00infobox
ProtactiniumDensity (at 20° C)15.43 g/cm31.00infobox
ProtactiniumDiscoveryKasimir Fajans and Oswald Helmuth Göhring (1913)1.00infobox
ProtactiniumElectrical resistivity177 nΩ⋅m (at 0 °C)1.00infobox
ProtactiniumElectron configuration[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s21.00infobox
ProtactiniumElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.51.00infobox
ProtactiniumElectrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 20, 9, 21.00infobox
ProtactiniumFirst isolationAristid von Grosse (1934)1.00infobox
ProtactiniumGroupf-block groups (no number)1.00infobox
ProtactiniumHeat of fusion12.34 kJ/mol1.00infobox
ProtactiniumHeat of vaporization481 kJ/mol1.00infobox
ProtactiniumIonization energies1st: 568 kJ/mol1.00infobox
ProtactiniumLattice constanta = 392.1 pm c = 323.5 pm (at 20 °C)1.00infobox
ProtactiniumMagnetic orderingparamagnetic1.00infobox
ProtactiniumMain isotopes.mw-parser-output .isotopes-table{text-align:center;width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .isotopes-table-headers>:not(:first-child){padding:0…1.00infobox
ProtactiniumMelting point1841 K ​(1568 °C, ​2854 °F)1.00infobox

Related concept clusters Concept neighborhoods

The concept neighborhoods around Protactinium bring nearby vocabulary together. In this analysis, examples include Uranium, Produced and Thorium. Use the clusters to find adjacent concepts and terminology that may deserve separate research.

  • Protactinium
    • Uranium
    • Produced
    • Thorium
    • Chloride
    • Hydrogen
    • Ions
    • Reacting
    • Temperature
    • Nuclear
    • Decay
    • 231pa
    • Obtained
  • protactinium
    • Uranium
    • Produced
    • Thorium
    • Chloride
    • Hydrogen
    • Ions
    • Reacting
    • Temperature
    • Nuclear
    • Decay
    • 231pa
    • Obtained
  • chemical element
    • Element
    • Oxidation
    • States
    • Uranium
    • First
    • Structure
    • Oxygen
    • Half-life
    • Pa
    • Radioactive
    • 234mpa
    • Decay
  • oxygen
    • Hydrogen
    • Water
    • Structure
    • Radioactive
    • 234mpa
    • Oxidation
    • States
    • First
    • Form
    • Obtained
    • Reacting
    • Reactors
  • chemical compounds
    • Element
    • Oxidation
    • States
    • Structure
    • Oxygen
    • Pa
    • Also
    • Uranium
    • Radioactive
    • 234mpa
    • Various
    • First
  • spent nuclear fuel
    • Reactors
    • 234mpa
    • Decay
    • 233pa
    • Half-life
    • Isotope
    • Chain
    • Isotopes
    • 231pa
    • Produced
    • Thorium
    • Uranium
  • mononuclidic element
    • Uranium
    • First
    • Half-life
    • Radioactive
    • 234mpa
    • Decay
    • Isotope
    • Isotopes
    • Pa
    • Also
    • Protactinium
    • Thorium
  • nuclear isomer
    • Reactors
    • 234mpa
    • Decay
    • 233pa
    • Half-life
    • Isotope
    • Chain
    • Isotopes
    • 231pa
    • Produced
    • Thorium
    • Uranium

Connections between topic areas Semantic bridges

For Protactinium, one of the stronger structural bridges in this analysis connects Protactinium with Chemical compounds. Bridges highlight paths between different parts of the map and can reveal research angles that are easy to miss in a flat list.

Min side: 3
ProtactiniumChemical compounds · splits 133 ⟂ 38
ProtactiniumOverview · splits 134 ⟂ 37
ProtactiniumHistory · splits 142 ⟂ 29
ProtactiniumOccurrence · splits 153 ⟂ 18
ProtactiniumIsotopes · splits 159 ⟂ 12
ProtactiniumApplications · splits 160 ⟂ 11
ProtactiniumProperties · splits 161 ⟂ 10
ProtactiniumPrecautions · splits 165 ⟂ 6
ProtactiniumPreparation · splits 166 ⟂ 5
ProtactiniumBibliography · splits 167 ⟂ 4

Map overview Semantic statistics

Protactinium

Nodes171
Edges170
Triples161
Avg. degree1.99
Density0.011696
Components1

Source & methodology

TTTA analyzes the structure around Protactinium to surface related topics, entities, relationships, concept neighborhoods and bridge connections. Use the map to explore areas such as History & Applications, including less central topics that may reveal useful research gaps. Automatically extracted connections are research leads rather than rewritten encyclopedia content.

Source: Wikipedia — Protactinium · EN edition · Analysis: TopicsToTalkAbout

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