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Paleogene: Geography, Palaeogeography & Climate
The Paleogene Period (IPA: /ˈpeɪli.ədʒiːn, -li.oʊ-, ˈpæli-/ PAY-lee-ə-jeen, -lee-oh-, PAL-ee-; also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene) is a geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period 66 Ma (million years ago) to the beginning of the Neogene Period 23.04 Ma. It is the first period of the Cenozoic Era, the…
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Paleogene topic overview
The analysis highlights Geography, Palaeogeography and Climate as prominent areas in the source structure around Paleogene.
Related topics
222
Source areas
5
Connected nodes
227
Extracted relationships
108
Concept neighborhoods
37
Bridge connections
227
What this topic covers Research coverage
Source areas are shown by the number of related topics found in each part of the analysis. Use smaller areas too: they can reveal specialized angles and content gaps.
Overview · 130 topics
Palaeogeography · 45 topics
Climate · 20 topics
Flora and fauna · 20 topics
Geology · 7 topics
Smaller areas are not necessarily less important. They contain fewer connections in this analysis and can be useful for finding specialized angles or coverage gaps.
Key facts & relationships
High-confidence facts extracted from structured source data. Use them as anchors for further research.
Alternate spelling(s)
Palaeogene, Palæogene
Celestial body
Earth
Chronological unit
Period
Lower boundary definition
Iridium enriched layer associated with a major meteorite impact and subsequent K-Pg extinction event.
Lower GSSP ratified
1991
Mean atmospheric CO2 content
c. 500 ppm (1.8 times pre-industrial)
Explore all related topics Closing gaps
A structured outline of related entities, concepts and subtopics. Open any item to build a new map centered on it.
Browse the complete topic structure, not only the most central items. Less prominent entities and concepts can reveal missing angles, specialized context and useful research gaps. Each item opens a new analysis centered on that subject.
Deeper signals for content research, entity SEO and topical coverage. The plain-language headings explain what each technical view is useful for.
How Paleogene connects Entity context
Entity context groups extracted connections by relationship type. Counts show recurrence in the analyzed source; the examples are research signals, not claims about importance.
The extracted context around Paleogene shows recurring relationship patterns in the source. For example, Paleogene → After, Antarctica, At, By, Chicxulub, Climatic, Eocene, Eocene-Oligocene, Interval, Late Cenozoic, Late Cretaceous, Late Cretaceous-Early Paleogene Cool, Latest Danian Event, Ma, Paleocene, Paleocene-Eocene, Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, PETM, The, The Paleogene Another extracted example is Paleogene → Antarctic, At, By, East Asian, Farallon, In, Izanagi, Izu-Bonin-Mariana, Kula, Late Cretaceous, Ma, Pacific, Pacific Ocean, Pacific-Farallon, Philippine Sea, The, The Izanagi-Pacific, This, Tonga-Kermadec. Use these groups to spot repeated connection types before inspecting the individual relationships.
Paleogene
Top relations
related to Climate· 21
Paleogene → After, Antarctica, At, By, Chicxulub, Climatic, Eocene, Eocene-Oligocene, Interval, Late Cenozoic, Late Cretaceous, Late Cretaceous-Early Paleogene Cool, Latest Danian Event, Ma, Paleocene, Paleocene-Eocene, Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, PETM, The, The Paleogene
related to Pacific Ocean· 19
Paleogene → Antarctic, At, By, East Asian, Farallon, In, Izanagi, Izu-Bonin-Mariana, Kula, Late Cretaceous, Ma, Pacific, Pacific Ocean, Pacific-Farallon, Philippine Sea, The, The Izanagi-Pacific, This, Tonga-Kermadec
related to Palaeogeography· 14
Paleogene → Africa, Alpine-Himalayan, Antarctica, Atlantic Ocean, Australia, Eurasia, Eurasian, India, North America, Pacific, Pangaea, South America, Southern Ocean, The
related to Stratigraphy· 12
Paleogene → Eocene, For, Global Boundary Stratotype Section, GSSP, ICS, International Commission, Oligocene, Paleocene, Point, Stratigraphy, The Paleogene, These
Relationships are represented as Subject → Predicate → Object triples. Confidence describes extraction strength, not the real-world importance of a relationship; lower-confidence rows may be contextual rather than explicit.
TTTA extracted 108 structured relationships around Paleogene. Examples in this analysis include Paleogene → Alternate spelling(s) → Palaeogene, Palæogene and Paleogene → Celestial body → Earth. The table shows each extracted connection, where it came from and its confidence.
Subject
Predicate
Object
Confidence
Src
Paleogene
Alternate spelling(s)
Palaeogene, Palæogene
1.00
infobox
Paleogene
Celestial body
Earth
1.00
infobox
Paleogene
Chronological unit
Period
1.00
infobox
Paleogene
Lower boundary definition
Iridium enriched layer associated with a major meteorite impact and subsequent K-Pg extinction event.
1.00
infobox
Paleogene
Lower boundary GSSP
El Kef Section, El Kef, Tunisia .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-…
1.00
infobox
Paleogene
Lower GSSP ratified
1991
1.00
infobox
Paleogene
Mean atmospheric CO2 content
c. 500 ppm (1.8 times pre-industrial)
1.00
infobox
Paleogene
Mean atmospheric O2 content
c. 26 vol % (125% of modern)
1.00
infobox
Paleogene
Mean surface temperature
c. 18 °C (4.5 °C above pre-industrial)
1.00
infobox
Paleogene
Name formality
Formal
1.00
infobox
Paleogene
Regional usage
Global (ICS)
1.00
infobox
Paleogene
Stratigraphic unit
System
1.00
infobox
Paleogene
Time scale(s) used
ICS Time Scale
1.00
infobox
Paleogene
Time span formality
Formal
1.00
infobox
Paleogene
Upper boundary definition
Base of magnetic polarity chronozone C6Cn.2n.
1.00
infobox
Paleogene
Upper boundary definition
Near first appearance of the Planktonic foraminiferan Paragloborotalia kugleri.
Concept neighborhoods group terms that sit near one another in the extracted graph. They are useful for discovering adjacent language and context, but proximity does not by itself imply a factual relationship.
The concept neighborhoods around Paleogene bring nearby vocabulary together. In this analysis, examples include Cretaceous, Event and Extinction. Use the clusters to find adjacent concepts and terminology that may deserve separate research.
Paleogene
Cretaceous
Event
Extinction
First
Paleocene
Period
Oligocene
Ma
South
Eocene
Began
Ocean
paleogene
Cretaceous
Event
Extinction
First
Paleocene
Period
Oligocene
Ma
South
Eocene
Began
Ocean
also spelled
America
South
Period
Extinction
Ocean
Cretaceous
North
Marine
Paleogene
First
Eurasian
Eocene
cretaceous
Late
Paleogene
Event
Paleocene
Margin
Subduction
Extinction
Continued
Plate
Zone
Eurasia
Early
ma
Subduction
Plate
Zone
Pacific
Eocene
Along
Paleogene
Atlantic
Spreading
Began
First
Farallon
paleocene
Margin
Late
Paleogene
North
Oligocene
Subduction
Atlantic
Zone
Eurasia
South
Early
Plate
eocene
Early
Paleocene
Late
Oligocene
First
Ocean
Plate
Zone
South
Ma
North
Period
oligocene
Early
Late
Paleogene
Global
Paleocene
Began
Continued
South
Ocean
North
Eurasian
Greenland
Connections between topic areas Semantic bridges
Semantic bridges connect parts of the graph that would otherwise be more separate. A bridge is a structural signal in this analysis, not a claim that the two topic areas are equivalent.
For Paleogene, one of the stronger structural bridges in this analysis connects Paleogene with Overview. Bridges highlight paths between different parts of the map and can reveal research angles that are easy to miss in a flat list.
Number of nodes, edges, triples, density and central hubs. Use it to gauge the size and connectivity of the map.
Paleogene
Nodes228
Edges227
Triples108
Avg. degree1.99
Density0.008772
Components1
Source & methodology
TTTA analyzes the structure around Paleogene to surface related topics, entities, relationships, concept neighborhoods and bridge connections. Use the map to explore areas such as Geography, Palaeogeography & Climate, including less central topics that may reveal useful research gaps. Automatically extracted connections are research leads rather than rewritten encyclopedia content.
