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SQL

Structured Query Language (SQL) (pronounced /ˌɛsˌkjuˈɛl/ S-Q-L; or alternatively as /ˈsiːkwəl/ ⓘ "sequel") is a domain-specific language used to manage data, especially in a relational database management system (RDBMS). It is particularly useful in handling structured data, i.e., data incorporating relations among entities and variables.

Standards, History, Art & Products

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Key facts & relationships

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Designed by
Donald D. Chamberlin Raymond F. Boyce
Developer
ISO/IEC JTC 1 (Joint Technical Committee 1) / SC 32 (Subcommittee 32) / WG 3 (Working Group 3)
Family
Query language
First appeared
1973; 53 years ago (1973)
OS
Cross-platform
Paradigm
Declarative

Topics to explore

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Overview

History

Interoperability and standardization

Syntax

Procedural extensions

Alternatives

Distributed SQL processing

Criticisms

SQL data types

Advanced semantic analysis

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Map overview Semantic statistics

SQL

Nodes125
Edges124
Triples244
Avg. degree1.98
Density0.016
Components1

How this topic connects Entity context

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SQL

Top relations

related to history · 41
SQL → After, ANSI, Boyce, Boyce's, Chamberlin, Codd, Data, Donald, Edgar, Engineering Limited, IBM, IBM San Jose Research, IBM's, Information, Ingres, ISO, ISO/IEC JTC, It, Laboratory, National Institute
related to Predefined data types · 29
SQL → Approximate, BIGINT, Binary, BLOB, BooleanXML, CHAR, Character, CLOB, DATE, Datetime, DECFLOAT, DECIMAL, DOUBLE PRECISION, FLOAT, INTEGER, Interval, JSON, National, NCHAR, NCHAR VARYING
related to Alternatives · 27
SQL → Below, Berkeley Ingres, Business System, Datalog, Datalog4D Query Language, Hibernate, HTSQL, IBM, IBM BS12, Java, Java Persistence API, JavaScript API, JPQL, LINQ, MongoDB, Moshè Zloof, Net, NoSQL, Persistence Query Language, QL
related to Procedural extensions · 24
SQL → BASIC, DBMS, However, In, Java, Java Programming Language, JavaScript, Microsoft SQL Server, NET, Perl, PL/V8, PostgreSQL, Python, Runtime, SQL Routines, SQL Server, SQL Server Common Language, SQL/JRT, SQL/PSM, SQLCLR
related to External links · 21
SQL → American National Standards Institute, Boyce, Chamberlin, Chamberlin Charles Babbage Institute, Charles Babbage Institute Collection, Donald, H2, Harvey Mudd College, In, NDL, Oral, Paul McJones, People, Politics, Projects, Raymond, SQL Reunion, Stanford University, System, X3H2 Records
related to overview · 14
SQL → As, Fooshould, For, In, Mimer SQL, MS SQL Server, NULLs, Oracle, Popular, PostgreSQL, SQL DBMSs, Standard SQL, The, Thus
related to Current standard · 11
SQL → ANSI, Application Packages, IEC, Interested, ISO, ISO/IEC, Part, Some, SQL Multimedia, Technical, The
see also · 11
SQL → Comparison, ExampleRelational, MUMPSNoSQLObject, NoSQL, OLAP, OLTP, Online, Oracle PL/SQLQuery, Return, T-SQL, Transact-SQL
related to Design · 10
SQL → Critics, Date, Hugh Darwen, In, ISBN, Lock-gray-alt-2, Lock-green, Lock-red-alt-2, The Third Manifesto, Wikisource-logo
related to Syntax · 10
SQL → Boolean, Clauses, Expressions, In, Insignificant, Queries, Statements, The SQL, This, Though

Important terminology Word statistics

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Important terminology

database language standard data relational query types model iso statements standards chamberlin many queries system one ibm also structured management

Entity relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
SQLDesigned byDonald D. Chamberlin Raymond F. Boyce1.00infobox
SQLDeveloperISO/IEC JTC 1 (Joint Technical Committee 1) / SC 32 (Subcommittee 32) / WG 3 (Working Group 3)1.00infobox
SQLFamilyQuery language1.00infobox
SQLFirst appeared1973; 53 years ago (1973)1.00infobox
SQLOSCross-platform1.00infobox
SQLParadigmDeclarative1.00infobox
SQLStable releaseSQL:2023 / June 2023; 3 years ago (2023-06)1.00infobox
SQLTyping disciplineStatic, strong1.00infobox
SQLWebsitewww.iso.org/standard/76583.html1.00infobox
SQLis aset-based0.90text
ISAM or VSAMinstance ofwrite APIs0.80text
performance higher in their priorities than standards conformance.Standardization historySQL was adopted as a standard by the ANSI in 1986 as SQL-86instance ofUsers evaluating database software tend to place other factors0.80text

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