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Orbital state vectors

In astrodynamics and celestial dynamics, the orbital state vectors (sometimes state vectors) of an orbit are Cartesian vectors of position ( r {\displaystyle \mathbf {r} } ) and velocity ( v {\displaystyle \mathbf {v} } ) that together with their time (epoch) ( t {\displaystyle t} ) uniquely determine the trajectory of the orbiting body in space.: 154

Art, Position and velocity vectors & Frame of reference

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Frame of reference

Position and velocity vectors

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Orbital state vectors

Nodes41
Edges40
Triples11
Avg. degree1.95
Density0.04878
Components1

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Important terminology

state vectors orbit velocity vector position time trajectory orbital reference displaystyle mathbf used determine body frame defined inertial elements epoch

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SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
B1950 or J2000 are also commonly used.Many other reference frames can be used to meet various application requirementsinstance ofso the reference frames defined by Earth's orientation at a standard astronomical epoch0.80text
including those centered on the Sun or on other planets or moonsinstance ofso the reference frames defined by Earth's orientation at a standard astronomical epoch0.80text
the one defined by the barycenterinstance ofso the reference frames defined by Earth's orientation at a standard astronomical epoch0.80text
total angular momentum of the Solar Systeminstance ofso the reference frames defined by Earth's orientation at a standard astronomical epoch0.80text
drag or thrust are significantinstance ofIf other forces0.80text
they must be added vectorially to those of gravity when performing the integration to determine future positioninstance ofIf other forces0.80text
velocity.For any object moving through spaceinstance ofIf other forces0.80text
the velocity vector is tangent to the trajectoryinstance ofIf other forces0.80text
draginstance oftime-varying forces0.80text
thrustinstance oftime-varying forces0.80text
gravitational perturbations from third bodies as well as the gravity of the primary body.The state vectorsinstance oftime-varying forces0.80text

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