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Natural language generation: Applications, Art & Products

Natural language generation (NLG) is a software process that produces natural language output. A widely cited survey of NLG methods describes NLG as "the subfield of artificial intelligence and computational linguistics that is concerned with the construction of computer systems that can produce understandable texts in English or other human languages…

Language: English [EN]

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Natural language generation topic overview

The analysis highlights Applications, Art and Products as prominent areas in the source structure around Natural language generation.

Related topics: 58
Source areas: 4
Connected nodes: 62
Extracted relationships: 64
Concept neighborhoods: 15
Bridge connections: 62

What this topic covers Research coverage

Source areas are shown by the number of related topics found in each part of the analysis. Use smaller areas too: they can reveal specialized angles and content gaps.

Overview · 19 topics

Applications · 18 topics

Stages · 14 topics

Evaluation · 7 topics

Smaller areas are not necessarily less important. They contain fewer connections in this analysis and can be useful for finding specialized angles or coverage gaps.

Suggested research paths

A focused starting point derived from the topic graph, ranked independently of the source article order.

Start with these areas

Explore all related topics Closing gaps

Browse the complete topic structure, not only the most central items. Less prominent entities and concepts can reveal missing angles, specialized context and useful research gaps. Each item opens a new analysis centered on that subject.

Overview

Natural language
Summarization Automatic summarization
Translation Machine translation
Paraphrasing Paraphrasing (computational linguistics)
Question answering
Chatbots Chatbot
ChatGPT
Psycholinguists
Language production
Translators Translator (computing)
Decompilers Decompiler
Transpilers Transpiler
Intermediate representation
Natural language understanding
ELIZA
Mail merge
Form letters Form letter
Machine learning
Corpus Text corpus

Stages

Content determination
Document structuring
Aggregation Aggregation (linguistics)
Lexical choice
Referring expression generation
Referring expressions Referring expression
Pronouns
Anaphora Anaphora (linguistics)
Realization Realization (linguistics)
Syntax
Morphology Morphology (linguistics)
Orthography
LSTM Long short-term memory
Image captioning Automatic image annotation

Applications

Evaluation

BLEU
METEOR
ROUGE ROUGE (metric)
LEPOR
MAUVE MAUVE (metric)
Machine translation Evaluation of machine translation
Hallucination Hallucination (artificial intelligence)

Advanced semantic analysis

Deeper signals for content research, entity SEO and topical coverage. The plain-language headings explain what each technical view is useful for.

How Natural language generation connects Entity context

The extracted context around Natural language generation shows recurring relationship patterns in the source. For example, Natural language generation → Albert, Art, Artificial Intelligence Research, Building, Cahill, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, Core, Dale, Ehud, Emiel, Evans, How, INLG2002, ISBN, Journal, Krahmer, Learn, Lynne, New York. Use these groups to spot repeated connection types before inspecting the individual relationships.

Natural language generation

Top relations

related to Further reading · 32

Natural language generation → Albert, Art, Artificial Intelligence Research, Building, Cahill, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, Core, Dale, Ehud, Emiel, Evans, How, INLG2002, ISBN, Journal, Krahmer, Learn, Lynne, New York

Important terminology

Use these terms to understand the vocabulary surrounding the topic, not as a checklist for keyword stuffing.

Important terminology

nlg systems language human generation text data system also input image example output generated natural process metrics evaluation well generating

Natural language generation relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

TTTA extracted 64 structured relationships around Natural language generation. Examples in this analysis include horoscope machines or generators of personalized business letters → instance of → The results may be satisfactory in simple domains and AlexNet → instance of → Recent research utilizes deep learning approaches through features from a pre-trained convolutional neural network. The table shows each extracted connection, where it came from and its confidence.

Subject	Predicate	Object	Confidence	Src
horoscope machines or generators of personalized business letters	instance of	The results may be satisfactory in simple domains	0.80	text
AlexNet	instance of	Recent research utilizes deep learning approaches through features from a pre-trained convolutional neural network	0.80	text
VGG or Caffe	instance of	Recent research utilizes deep learning approaches through features from a pre-trained convolutional neural network	0.80	text
where caption generators use an activation layer from the pre-trained network as their input features	instance of	Recent research utilizes deep learning approaches through features from a pre-trained convolutional neural network	0.80	text
neural networks	instance of	MS COCO and other large datasets have enabled the training of more complex models	0.80	text
it has been argued that research in image captioning could benefit from larger	instance of	MS COCO and other large datasets have enabled the training of more complex models	0.80	text
diversified datasets	instance of	MS COCO and other large datasets have enabled the training of more complex models	0.80	text
GPT-3 has also enabled breakthroughs	instance of	The advent of large pretrained transformer-based language models	0.80	text
with such models demonstrating recognizable ability for creating-writing tasks.A related area of NLG application is computational humor production	instance of	The advent of large pretrained transformer-based language models	0.80	text
fluency	instance of	Humans can assess qualities	0.80	text
faithfulness	instance of	Humans can assess qualities	0.80	text
and coherence	instance of	Humans can assess qualities	0.80	text

Related concept clusters Concept neighborhoods

The concept neighborhoods around Natural language generation bring nearby vocabulary together. In this analysis, examples include Natural, Output and Machine. Use the clusters to find adjacent concepts and terminology that may deserve separate research.

Natural language generation
- Natural
- Output
- Machine
- Techniques
- Production
- Generation
- Language
- Input
- System
- Computer
- Textual
- Large
natural language generation
- Natural
- Output
- Text
- Applications
- Machine
- Techniques
- Evaluation
- Production
- Nlg
- Generation
- Language
- Input
natural language
- Natural
- Output
- Machine
- Techniques
- Production
- Nlg
- Generation
- Input
- System
- Computer
- Systems
- Applications
language production
- Natural
- Output
- Production
- Nlg
- Generation
- Input
- Computer
- Systems
- Applications
- Large
- Learning
- Machine
natural language understanding
- Natural
- Output
- Machine
- Techniques
- Production
- Nlg
- Generation
- Input
- System
- Computer
- Systems
- Applications
referring expression generation
- Natural
- Text
- Applications
- Evaluation
- Language
- Nlg
- System
- Textual
- Systems
- Also
- Image
- Data
natural language processing
- Natural
- Output
- Machine
- Techniques
- Production
- Nlg
- Generation
- Input
- System
- Computer
- Systems
- Applications
data analysis
- Example
- Using
- Text
- Texts
- Systems
- Pollen
- Generated
- Input
- Nlg
- System
- Generation
- Methods

Connections between topic areas Semantic bridges

For Natural language generation, one of the stronger structural bridges in this analysis connects Natural language generation with Overview. Bridges highlight paths between different parts of the map and can reveal research angles that are easy to miss in a flat list.

Min side: 3

Natural language generation — Overview · splits 43 ⟂ 20

Natural language generation — Applications · splits 44 ⟂ 19

Natural language generation — Stages · splits 48 ⟂ 15

Natural language generation — Evaluation · splits 55 ⟂ 8

Map overview Semantic statistics

Natural language generation

Nodes63

Edges62

Triples64

Avg. degree1.97

Density0.031746

Components1

Source & methodology

TTTA analyzes the structure around Natural language generation to surface related topics, entities, relationships, concept neighborhoods and bridge connections. Use the map to explore areas such as Applications, Art & Products, including less central topics that may reveal useful research gaps. Automatically extracted connections are research leads rather than rewritten encyclopedia content.

Source: Wikipedia — Natural language generation · EN edition · Analysis: TopicsToTalkAbout

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Natural language generation topic overview

What this topic covers Research coverage

Key facts & relationships

Suggested research paths

Start with these areas

Applications

Stages

Evaluation

Explore all related topics Closing gaps

Overview

Stages

Applications

Evaluation

Advanced semantic analysis

How Natural language generation connects Entity context

Natural language generation

Top relations

Important terminology

Important terminology

Natural language generation relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

Related concept clusters Concept neighborhoods

Connections between topic areas Semantic bridges

Map overview Semantic statistics

Natural language generation

Source & methodology