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Makasar script: History, Usage & Example texts

The Makasar script, also known as Ukiri' Jangang-jangang (bird's script) or Old Makasar script, is a historical Indonesian writing system that was used in South Sulawesi to write the Makassarese language between the 17th and 19th centuries until it was supplanted by the Lontara Bugis script.

Language: English [EN]
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Makasar script topic overview

The analysis highlights History, Usage and Example texts as prominent areas in the source structure around Makasar script.

Related topics
40
Source areas
7
Connected nodes
51
Extracted relationships
145
Concept neighborhoods
26
Bridge connections
51

What this topic covers Research coverage

Source areas are shown by the number of related topics found in each part of the analysis. Use smaller areas too: they can reveal specialized angles and content gaps.

History · 18 topics
Overview · 9 topics
Usage · 6 topics
Example texts · 3 topics
Ambiguity · 2 topics
Form · 1 topics
Unicode · 1 topics

Smaller areas are not necessarily less important. They contain fewer connections in this analysis and can be useful for finding specialized angles or coverage gaps.

Key facts & relationships

High-confidence facts extracted from structured source data. Use them as anchors for further research.

Direction
Left-to-right
Languages
Makassarese language
Parent systems
PhoenicianAramaicBrahmiTamil-BrahmiPallavaKawiMakasar Script · AramaicBrahmiTamil-BrahmiPallavaKawiMakasar Script · BrahmiTamil-BrahmiPallavaKawiMakasar Script · Tamil-BrahmiPallavaKawiMakasar Script · PallavaKawiMakasar Script
Period
17th–19th century AD
Script type
Abugida
Sister systems
Balinese Batak Baybayin scripts Javanese Lontara Old Sundanese Rencong Rejang

Explore all related topics Closing gaps

Browse the complete topic structure, not only the most central items. Less prominent entities and concepts can reveal missing angles, specialized context and useful research gaps. Each item opens a new analysis centered on that subject.

Overview

History

Usage

Ambiguity

Form

Example texts

Unicode

Bibliography

  • Doi Doi (identifier)
  • ISBN ISBN (identifier)
  • S2CID S2CID (identifier)

Advanced semantic analysis

Deeper signals for content research, entity SEO and topical coverage. The plain-language headings explain what each technical view is useful for.

How Makasar script connects Entity context

The extracted context around Makasar script shows recurring relationship patterns in the source. For example, Makasar script → AD, Arabic, Brahmi, Christopher Miller, Druce's, Furthermore, Gujarati, However, India, Islamic, Javanese, Kawi, Lontara Bugis, Makasar, Miller, Philippines, Rejang, Scholars, South Sulawesi, South Sumatra Another extracted example is Makasar script → Amiri, Arabic, Arabic Transparent, Arabic Typesetting, Arial, Calibri, Droid Arabic Naskh, Harmattan, Historical Makassarese, In, Lateef, LateefGR, Latin, Microsoft Sans Serif, Noto Naskh Arabic, Noto Sans Arabic, Parastoo, Passimbang, Sakkal Majalla, Scheherazade New. Use these groups to spot repeated connection types before inspecting the individual relationships.

Makasar script

Top relations

related to history · 27
Makasar script → AD, Arabic, Brahmi, Christopher Miller, Druce's, Furthermore, Gujarati, However, India, Islamic, Javanese, Kawi, Lontara Bugis, Makasar, Miller, Philippines, Rejang, Scholars, South Sulawesi, South Sumatra
related to Punctuation · 24
Makasar script → Amiri, Arabic, Arabic Transparent, Arabic Typesetting, Arial, Calibri, Droid Arabic Naskh, Harmattan, Historical Makassarese, In, Lateef, LateefGR, Latin, Microsoft Sans Serif, Noto Naskh Arabic, Noto Sans Arabic, Parastoo, Passimbang, Sakkal Majalla, Scheherazade New
related to Usage · 23
Makasar script → AD, Buginese, Chronicle, Compared, Daily, Each, Even, For, Gowa, Kingdom, Like, Lontara, Makasar, Makassar, Makassar's, Malay, Not, One, South Sulawesi, Sulawesi
related to Ambiguity · 13
Makasar script → Arabic, As, Cummings, Even, For, Given, Jukes, Makasar, Makassar, Makassarese, Readers, The, This
related to Basic letters · 10
Makasar script → Basic, Buginese Lontara, KIT, Makasar, Makassar, Note, Pangeran Gowa, The, There, Tropenmuseum
Parent systems · 7
Makasar script → AramaicBrahmiTamil-BrahmiPallavaKawiMakasar Script, BrahmiTamil-BrahmiPallavaKawiMakasar Script, KawiMakasar Script, Makasar Script, PallavaKawiMakasar Script, PhoenicianAramaicBrahmiTamil-BrahmiPallavaKawiMakasar Script, Tamil-BrahmiPallavaKawiMakasar Script
related to Comparison to Lontara script · 6
Makasar script → In, Lontara Bugis, Makasar, Makassarese, New Lontara, These
related to Unicode · 6
Makasar script → June, Makasar, Makassar, The Unicode, Unicode Standard, Version
related to Others · 5
Makasar script → Aksara, Makasar ScriptDownload Makasar, Makasar ScriptPreliminary Unicode Proposal, Nusantara, Unicode Proposal
related to External links · 4
Makasar script → Makasar, Media, Wikimedia Commons, Wiktionary-logo-en-v2

Important terminology

Use these terms to understand the vocabulary surrounding the topic, not as a checklist for keyword stuffing.

Important terminology

script makasar lontara south writing sulawesi written gowa makassarese century bugis language historical used ad scripts use context letters characters

Makasar script relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

TTTA extracted 145 structured relationships around Makasar script. Examples in this analysis include Makasar script → Direction → Left-to-right and Makasar script → ISO 15924 → .mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}Maka (366), ​Makasar. The table shows each extracted connection, where it came from and its confidence.

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
Makasar scriptDirectionLeft-to-right1.00infobox
Makasar scriptISO 15924.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}Maka (366), ​Makasar1.00infobox
Makasar scriptLanguagesMakassarese language1.00infobox
Makasar scriptParent systemsPhoenicianAramaicBrahmiTamil-BrahmiPallavaKawiMakasar Script1.00infobox
Makasar scriptParent systemsAramaicBrahmiTamil-BrahmiPallavaKawiMakasar Script1.00infobox
Makasar scriptParent systemsBrahmiTamil-BrahmiPallavaKawiMakasar Script1.00infobox
Makasar scriptParent systemsTamil-BrahmiPallavaKawiMakasar Script1.00infobox
Makasar scriptParent systemsPallavaKawiMakasar Script1.00infobox
Makasar scriptParent systemsKawiMakasar Script1.00infobox
Makasar scriptParent systemsMakasar Script1.00infobox
Makasar scriptPeriod17th–19th century AD1.00infobox
Makasar scriptScript typeAbugida1.00infobox
Makasar scriptSister systemsBalinese Batak Baybayin scripts Javanese Lontara Old Sundanese Rencong Rejang1.00infobox
Makasar scriptUnicode aliasMakasar1.00infobox
Makasar scriptUnicode rangeU+11EE0–U+11EFF1.00infobox
Makasar scriptis aabugida which consists of 18 basic characters0.90text
Makasar scriptis asignature of the delegates from the Sultanete of Gowa in the Treaty of Bongaya from 16670.90text

Related concept clusters Concept neighborhoods

The concept neighborhoods around Makasar script bring nearby vocabulary together. In this analysis, examples include Script, Lontara and Century. Use the clusters to find adjacent concepts and terminology that may deserve separate research.

  • Makasar script
    • Script
    • Lontara
    • Century
    • Ad
    • South
    • Language
    • Makassarese
    • Used
    • Bugis
    • Sulawesi
    • 17th
    • 19th
  • makasar script
    • Script
    • Lontara
    • Century
    • Ad
    • South
    • Language
    • Makassarese
    • Used
    • Bugis
    • Sulawesi
    • 17th
    • 19th
  • makassarese language
    • 19th
    • Makassarese
    • Sometimes
    • Ad
    • Makasar
    • 17th
    • Example
    • Sulawesi
    • South
    • Script
    • Lontara
    • Writing
  • lontara bugis script
    • Bugis
    • Lontara
    • Makassarese
    • Makasar
    • Script
    • Century
    • Sometimes
    • Writing
    • Ad
    • Sulawesi
    • South
    • Used
  • brahmi script
    • Century
    • Ad
    • South
    • Used
    • Makassarese
    • Sulawesi
    • Written
    • Writing
    • Gowa
    • Unicode
    • Basic
    • Example
  • arabic script
    • Century
    • Ad
    • South
    • Used
    • Makassarese
    • Sulawesi
    • Written
    • Writing
    • Gowa
    • Unicode
    • Basic
    • Example
  • kawi script
    • Century
    • Ad
    • South
    • Used
    • Makassarese
    • Sulawesi
    • Written
    • Writing
    • Gowa
    • Unicode
    • Basic
    • Example
  • rejang script
    • Century
    • Ad
    • South
    • Used
    • Makassarese
    • Sulawesi
    • Written
    • Writing
    • Gowa
    • Unicode
    • Basic
    • Example

Connections between topic areas Semantic bridges

For Makasar script, one of the stronger structural bridges in this analysis connects Makasar script with History. Bridges highlight paths between different parts of the map and can reveal research angles that are easy to miss in a flat list.

Min side: 3
Makasar scriptHistory · splits 33 ⟂ 19
Makasar scriptOverview · splits 42 ⟂ 10
Makasar scriptUsage · splits 45 ⟂ 7
Makasar scriptExample texts · splits 48 ⟂ 4
Makasar scriptBibliography · splits 48 ⟂ 4
Makasar scriptAmbiguity · splits 49 ⟂ 3

Map overview Semantic statistics

Makasar script

Nodes52
Edges51
Triples145
Avg. degree1.96
Density0.038462
Components1

Source & methodology

TTTA analyzes the structure around Makasar script to surface related topics, entities, relationships, concept neighborhoods and bridge connections. Use the map to explore areas such as History, Usage & Example texts, including less central topics that may reveal useful research gaps. Automatically extracted connections are research leads rather than rewritten encyclopedia content.

Source: Wikipedia — Makasar script · EN edition · Analysis: TopicsToTalkAbout

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