Research any topic before you write.

Find related topics. | Discover entities. | See connections. | Build a topical map.

Letter frequency

Letter frequency is the number of times letters of the alphabet appear on average in written language. Letter frequency analysis dates back to the Arab mathematician Al-Kindi (c. AD 801–873), who formally developed the method to break ciphers. Letter frequency analysis gained importance in Europe with the development of movable type in AD 1450, wherein…

Applications & Regions

Use the mouse wheel or two fingers (on touchscreens) to zoom in and out of the map.

Research this topic

Explore the main themes, entities and connections around Letter frequency. Start with the topic map, then use the sections below for research and deeper semantic analysis.

Explore this topic

Start with a few of the strongest sections from the source topic. These are research directions, not a list of keywords you must use.

Background

CryptanalysisCaesar cipherJulius CaesarOld EnglishLinotype machines
24 related topics

Overview

LettersAlphabetWritten languageFrequency analysisArab
30 related topics

Relative frequencies of the first letters of a word in the English language

Filing cabinetEncyclopediasCutter numbersZipf distributionYule distribution
9 related topics

Relative frequencies of letters in the English language

Lemmas
1 related topics

Topics to explore

Browse the full topic structure. Each item opens a new analysis centered on that subject.

Overview

Background

Relative frequencies of letters in the English language

Relative frequencies of the first letters of a word in the English language

Relative frequencies of letters in other languages

Useful tables

  • OCLC OCLC (identifier)

Advanced semantic analysis

Deeper signals for content research, entity SEO and topical coverage. The plain-language headings explain what each technical view is useful for.

Map overview Semantic statistics

Letter frequency

Nodes73
Edges72
Triples46
Avg. degree1.97
Density0.027397
Components1

How this topic connects Entity context

See the strongest relationship patterns around the current topic before diving into the raw triples.

Letter frequency

Top relations

related to background · 14
Letter frequency → AD, Arab, Biblical, Caesar, English, Europe, Even, However, Julius Caesar, Kindi, Letter, No, Old English, The
related to External links · 13
Letter frequency → An, Archived, Cryptographical Mathematics, Google, JavaScript Heatmap Visualization, Letter, Letter FrequenciesLewand, Mayzner's, Ngrams, Norvig, Peter, Robert Edward, Some
related to Relative frequencies of letters in the English language · 9
Letter frequency → Absolute, An, Concise Oxford, EARIOTNSLCUDPMHGBFYWKVXZJQ, English, Internet, The, There, This
see also · 3
Letter frequency → Arabic, Fortune, Wheel
is a · 1
Letter frequency → number of times letters of the alphabet appear on average in written language

Important terminology Word statistics

Use these terms to understand the vocabulary surrounding the topic, not as a checklist for keyword stuffing.

Important terminology

frequency letter letters english used frequencies common language analysis use word method words different one tables combinations ad writing keyboard

Entity relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
Letter frequencyis anumber of times letters of the alphabet appear on average in written language0.90text
Huffman coding.Letter frequenciesinstance ofsuch as the Murray Code.Similar ideas are used in modern data-compression techniques0.80text
like word frequenciesinstance ofsuch as the Murray Code.Similar ideas are used in modern data-compression techniques0.80text
tend to varyinstance ofsuch as the Murray Code.Similar ideas are used in modern data-compression techniques0.80text
both by writerinstance ofsuch as the Murray Code.Similar ideas are used in modern data-compression techniques0.80text
by subjectinstance ofsuch as the Murray Code.Similar ideas are used in modern data-compression techniques0.80text
some encyclopediasinstance ofThe same system is used in some multi-volume works0.80text
Letter frequencyrelated to backgroundThe0.60section
Letter frequencyrelated to backgroundArab0.60section
Letter frequencyrelated to backgroundKindi0.60section
Letter frequencyrelated to backgroundAD0.60section
Letter frequencyrelated to backgroundCaesar0.60section

Related concept clusters Concept neighborhoods

These clusters group vocabulary that occurs around closely connected concepts in the source material.

    Connections between topic areas Semantic bridges

    Bridges can reveal useful research angles that are easy to miss in a flat list of related terms.

    Min side: 3
    For writers, content strategists, SEOs, marketers and creators — from quick topic research to advanced semantic analysis.