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In logic, the law of excluded middle or the principle of excluded middle states that for every proposition, either this proposition or its negation is true. Symbolically expressed, the law is p ∨ ¬ p {\displaystyle p\lor \neg p} .
History, Criticisms & Examples
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law excluded middle logic brouwer proof true principle negation either displaystyle russell false van heijenoort example reprinted infinite mathematical hilbert
| Subject | Predicate | Object | Confidence | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Law of excluded middle | is a | proof by cases such as follows | 0.90 | text |
| follows | instance of | must be true.An example of an argument that depends on the law of excluded middle is a proof by cases | 0.80 | text |
| Brouwer | instance of | but it is not built-in a priori into these systems.Mathematicians | 0.80 | text |
| Arend Heyting have also contested the usefulness of the law of excluded middle in the context of modern mathematics.In mathematical logicIn modern mathematical logic | instance of | but it is not built-in a priori into these systems.Mathematicians | 0.80 | text |
| the excluded middle has been argued to result in possible self-contradiction | instance of | but it is not built-in a priori into these systems.Mathematicians | 0.80 | text |
| ternary logic | instance of | Propositional calculus in which there are more than two truth values | 0.80 | text |
| Law of excluded middle | related to Criticisms | The Catuṣkoṭi | 0.60 | section |
| Law of excluded middle | related to Criticisms | It | 0.60 | section |
| Law of excluded middle | related to Criticisms | Indian | 0.60 | section |
| Law of excluded middle | related to Criticisms | Buddhist | 0.60 | section |
| Law of excluded middle | related to Criticisms | Greek | 0.60 | section |
| Law of excluded middle | related to Criticisms | Pyrrhonism | 0.60 | section |
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