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Ionosphere

The ionosphere (/aɪˈɒnəˌsfɪər/) is the ionized part of the upper atmosphere of Earth, from about 48 km (30 mi) to 965 km (600 mi) above sea level, a region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere. The ionosphere is ionized by solar radiation. It plays an important role in atmospheric electricity and forms the inner edge…

History, Measurement, Applications & Art

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Overview

History of discovery

Geophysics

Layers of ionization

Ionospheric model

Persistent anomalies to the idealized model

Ephemeral ionospheric perturbations

Applications

Measurements

Indices of the ionosphere

Ionospheres of other planets and natural satellites

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Map overview Semantic statistics

Ionosphere

Nodes206
Edges205
Triples268
Avg. degree1.99
Density0.009709
Components1

How this topic connects Entity context

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Ionosphere

Top relations

related to References · 56
Ionosphere → Academic Press, Alcaydé, Atmospheric Electrodynamics, Aéronomie, Berlin, Bibcode, Bilitza, Blelly, Cambridge University Press, Chemistry, Chian, Collection Grenoble Sciences, CS1, Davies, Dieter, Dordrecht, Du Soleil, Electrical Engineers, Electrodynamics, Eos Transactions
related to history · 30
Ionosphere → Also, Arthur Edwin Kennelly, As, Atlantic, Canada, Carl Friedrich Gauss, Cornwall, December, Dr, Earth's, German, Glace Bay, Guglielmo Marconi, Heaviside, Heaviside's, However, In, Jack Belrose, John's, Kennelly
related to Ionospheric model · 26
Ionosphere → Alouette, An, Arecibo, Committee, COSPAR, Geophysically, International Reference Ionosphere, International Standard, International Union, IRI, ISIS, Jicamarca, Malvern, Millstone Hill, Models, One, Radio, Radio Science, Since, Space Research
related to External links · 21
Ionosphere → Amsat-Italia, Britannica, ESA SWENET, Gehred, Geomagnetic Data ArchiveNZ4O, Ionospheric, Layman Level Explanations Of, Medium Frequency, Meter, MF/HF, Mysterious, Norm Cohen, NZ4O Solar Space Weather, Paul, Propagation OccurrencesUSGS Geomagnetism ProgramEncyclopædia, Radar NetworkEuropean Incoherent Scatter, Radio Propagation Theory Notes, Seemingly, Space Weather ConditionsCurrent Solar, SWPC's Radio User's Page
related to Ionospheres of other planets and natural satellites · 17
Ionosphere → Europa, Ganymede, Io, Ionospheres, Jupiter, Mars, Neptune, Objects, Planets, Pluto, Saturn, Solar System, The, Titan, Triton, Uranus, Venus
related to Geophysics · 14
Ionosphere → Austin-Cohen, Earth, Heaviside, In, It, Joseph Larmor, Kennelly, Sun, Telegrapher's, The, Then, There, This, Watson
related to overview · 13
Ionosphere → Advanced Modular Incoherent Scatter, AMISR, Arecibo, EISCAT, Jicamarca, Millstone Hill, Network, Radar, Scientists, Sondre Stromfjord, Super Dual Auroral Radar, SuperDARN, They
related to GPS/GNSS ionospheric correction · 12
Ionosphere → GALILEO, GPS, Jack, John, Klobuchar, NeQuick, Research Laboratory, The Galileo, The Klobuchar, There, This, US Air Force Geophysical
related to Radio communication · 11
Ionosphere → Armed, Automated, Due, During, Earth, Earth's, HF, Radio, Shortwave, The, This
related to Solar intensity · 11
Ionosphere → Both, Earth's, F10, GOES, However, MHz, R12, Sun, The, We, X-ray

Important terminology Word statistics

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Important terminology

radio layer frequency electron ionization km solar earth waves propagation ionospheric also density atmosphere region field plasma earth's used mi

Entity relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

SubjectPredicateObjectConfidenceSrc
Ionosphereis ashell of electrons and electrically charged atoms and molecules that surrounds the Earth0.90text
Ionosphereis aionized region of the atmosphere0.90text
Ionosphereis aplasma0.90text
the ionosphere.In 1962instance ofVitaly Ginzburg has developed a theory of electromagnetic wave propagation in plasmas0.80text
the Canadian satellite Alouette 1 was launched to study the ionosphereinstance ofVitaly Ginzburg has developed a theory of electromagnetic wave propagation in plasmas0.80text
at nightinstance ofexcept when the D layer disappears0.80text
the EISCATinstance ofpassive observations of optical and radio emissions generated in the ionospherebouncing radio waves of different frequencies from itincoherent scatter radars0.80text
Sondre Stromfjordinstance ofpassive observations of optical and radio emissions generated in the ionospherebouncing radio waves of different frequencies from itincoherent scatter radars0.80text
Millstone Hillinstance ofpassive observations of optical and radio emissions generated in the ionospherebouncing radio waves of different frequencies from itincoherent scatter radars0.80text
Areciboinstance ofpassive observations of optical and radio emissions generated in the ionospherebouncing radio waves of different frequencies from itincoherent scatter radars0.80text
Advanced Modular Incoherent Scatter Radarinstance ofpassive observations of optical and radio emissions generated in the ionospherebouncing radio waves of different frequencies from itincoherent scatter radars0.80text
Nequickinstance ofIndices of the ionosphereIn empirical models of the ionosphere0.80text

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