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Research this topic
Explore the main themes, entities and connections around RC4. Start with the topic map, then use the sections below for research and deeper semantic analysis.
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Start with a few of the strongest sections from the source topic. These are research directions, not a list of keywords you must use.
Description
29 related topics
Security
30 related topics
History
11 related topics
RC4-based protocols
AES-CCMPBitTorrent protocol encryptionMicrosoft Office XPMicrosoft Point-to-Point EncryptionSecure Shell
10 related topics
Key facts & relationships
High-confidence facts extracted from structured source data. Use them as anchors for further research.
- Designers
- Ron Rivest (RSA Security)
- First published
- Leaked in 1994 (designed in 1987)
- Key sizes
- 40–2048 bits
- Rounds
- 1
- Speed
- 7 cycles per byte on original Pentium Modified Alleged RC4 on Intel Core 2: 13.9 cycles per byte
- State size
- 2064 bits (1684 effective)
Topics to explore
A structured outline of related entities, concepts and subtopics. Open any item to build a new map centered on it.Browse the full topic structure. Each item opens a new analysis centered on that subject.
Overview
- Cryptography
- Stream cipher
- Keystream
- Protocols Cryptographic protocol
- WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy
- TLS protocol Transport Layer Security
- IETF
- RFC RFC (identifier)
- Mozilla
- Microsoft
- VMPC Variably Modified Permutation Composition
History
- Ronald Rivest Ron Rivest
- RSA Security
- Trade secret
- Cypherpunks Cypherpunk
- Sci.crypt
- Newsgroup
- Broken Distinguishing attack
- Bob Jenkins Robert John Jenkins Junior
- English Wikipedia
- WPA Wi-Fi Protected Access
- SSL Secure Sockets Layer
Description
- Pseudorandom stream of bits Pseudo-random number generator
- XORed Exclusive or
- Involution Involution (mathematics)
- One-time pad
- Permutation
- Bytes
- Key Key (cryptography)
- Key-scheduling Key schedule
- Key length
- Identity permutation
- Mod Modulo operation
- Swap values Swap (computer science)
- Operating systems Operating system
- OpenBSD OpenBSD security features
- /dev/random
- Man pages Man page
- Backronym
- Rand()
- Linear congruential pseudo-random number generator
- ChaCha20
- FreeBSD
- NetBSD
- Glibc
- MacOS
- IOS
- Linear-feedback shift registers Linear-feedback shift register
- Bitwise AND
- ASCII
- Hexadecimal
Security
- ESTREAM
- Nonce Cryptographic nonce
- Hashing Cryptographic hash function
- Related-key attacks Related-key attack
- Fluhrer, Mantin and Shamir attack
- Malleable Malleability (cryptography)
- Block ciphers Block cipher
- Message authentication code
- Bit-flipping attack
- Stream cipher attack
- BEAST attack
- Cipher-block chaining mode Block cipher modes of operation
- Initialization vector
- Adi Shamir
- Souradyuti Paul
- Bart Preneel
- COSIC
- Fluhrer Scott Fluhrer?action=edit&redlink=1
- Itsik Mantin Itsik Mantin?action=edit&redlink=1
- 802.11
- Wireless networks Wireless network
- IEEE 802.11i
- Erik Tews Erik Tews?action=edit&redlink=1
- Ralf-Philipp Weinmann Ralf-Philipp Weinmann?action=edit&redlink=1
- Andrei Pychkine Andrei Pychkine?action=edit&redlink=1
- Royal Holloway, University of London
- Cipher block chaining
- KU Leuven Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
- WPA-TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
- HTTP cookie
RC4 variants
- Sponge functions Sponge function
- DRBG
- Authenticated encryption
RC4-based protocols
- AES-CCMP
- BitTorrent protocol encryption
- Microsoft Office XP
- Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption
- Secure Shell
- Remote Desktop Protocol
- Kerberos Kerberos (protocol)
- SASL Simple Authentication and Security Layer
- PDF Portable Document Format
- Skype
Advanced semantic analysis
Deeper signals for content research, entity SEO and topical coverage. The plain-language headings explain what each technical view is useful for.
Map overview Semantic statistics
Number of nodes, edges, triples, density and central hubs. Use it to gauge the size and connectivity of the map.RC4
Nodes101
Edges100
Triples239
Avg. degree1.98
Density0.019802
Components1
How this topic connects Entity context
Quick relationship hints grouped by predicate. Useful for spotting recurring semantic connections around the current entity.See the strongest relationship patterns around the current topic before diving into the raw triples.
RC4
Top relations
related to External links · 36
RC4 → Arcfour, Archived, Attacks, Attacks On RC4, CryptoBytes, Cypherpunks, Entry, Fall, February, Fluhrer, I-D, IETF, Improved Arcfour Modes, January, Key Scheduling Algorithm, Mantin, November, Original, PostScript, Prohibiting RC4 Cipher SuitesKaukonen
related to history · 20
RC4 → According, ARC4, ARCFOUR, Because, Bob Jenkins, Cypherpunks, English Wikipedia, From, Internet, It, RC, RC2, RC5, RC6, Rivest, Ron's Code, Ronald Rivest, RSA Security, September, The
related to Further reading · 17
RC4 → Algorithms, Applied Cryptography, Bruce, Chapter, CRC Press, Goutam, ISBN, Its Variants, Other Stream Ciphers, Paul, Protocols, RC4 Stream Cipher, Real Random-Sequence Generators, Schneier, Source Code, Subhamoy Maitra, Wiley
related to RC4-based protocols · 15
RC4 → AES-CCMP, BitTorrent, Kerberos, Microsoft Point-to-Point EncryptionTransport Layer, Office XP, PDFSkype, Remote Desktop Protocol, RFC, SASL Mechanism Digest-MD5, Secure Shell, Secure Sockets Layer, Security, WEPTKIP, Where, WPA
related to Fluhrer, Mantin and Shamir attack · 13
RC4 → Fluhrer, IEEE, If, In, Mantin, Protocols, RC4-drop, Shamir, Such, The SCAN, This, WEP, WPA
related to Security · 13
RC4 → Because RC4, Fluhrer, However, If, MAC, Mantin, One, RC4's, Shamir, The, This, Unlike, WEP
related to NOMORE attack · 11
RC4 → Dubbed, HTTP, In, KU Leuven, NOMORE, Numerous Occurrence MOnitoring, Recovery Exploit, The, Their, TLS, WPA-TKIP
related to Roos' biases and key reconstruction from permutation · 11
RC4 → Andrew Roos, Goutam Paul, In, KSA, Roos-type, Siddheshwar Rathi, Subhamoy Maitra, Subsequently, The, These, This
related to Klein's attack · 10
RC4 → Andreas Klein, Andrei Pychkine, Erik Tews, Fluhrer, In, Mantin, Ralf-Philipp Weinmann, Shamir, WEP, Whereas
related to RC4-based random number generators · 10
RC4 → API, ARC4, As, Man, OpenBSD, Random, Replacement Call, Several, The, The API
Important terminology Word statistics
Frequent words and multi-word phrases across the lead, headings, infobox and body. Useful for terminology coverage.Use these terms to understand the vocabulary surrounding the topic, not as a checklist for keyword stuffing.
Important terminology
key stream used bytes keystream attack cipher algorithm output number tls also permutation use wep 256 mantin first state shamir
Entity relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples
Extracted RDF-like relationships with confidence and source. The table includes structured facts and lower-confidence contextual relations.| Subject | Predicate | Object | Confidence | Src |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RC4 | Designers | Ron Rivest (RSA Security) | 1.00 | infobox |
| RC4 | First published | Leaked in 1994 (designed in 1987) | 1.00 | infobox |
| RC4 | Key sizes | 40–2048 bits | 1.00 | infobox |
| RC4 | Rounds | 1 | 1.00 | infobox |
| RC4 | Speed | 7 cycles per byte on original Pentium Modified Alleged RC4 on Intel Core 2: 13.9 cycles per byte | 1.00 | infobox |
| RC4 | State size | 2064 bits (1684 effective) | 1.00 | infobox |
| RC4 | is a | stream cipher | 0.90 | text |
| the obsolete WEP protocol historically used to secure WiFi networks.There has long been speculation that some state cryptologic agencies may possess the capability to break RC4 when used in the TLS protocol | instance of | Particularly problematic uses of RC4 have led to insecure protocols | 0.80 | text |
| SHA-3 | instance of | Spritz performs rather slowly compared to other hash functions | 0.80 | text |
| the best known hardware implementation of RC4.Like other sponge functions | instance of | Spritz performs rather slowly compared to other hash functions | 0.80 | text |
| Spritz can be used to build a cryptographic hash function | instance of | Spritz performs rather slowly compared to other hash functions | 0.80 | text |
| a deterministic random bit generator | instance of | Spritz performs rather slowly compared to other hash functions | 0.80 | text |
No triples extracted yet.
Related concept clusters Concept neighborhoods
Clusters of nearby vocabulary surrounding the topic. Scan them for adjacent concepts and language you may have missed.These clusters group vocabulary that occurs around closely connected concepts in the source material.
Connections between topic areas Semantic bridges
Bridge nodes connect otherwise separate parts of the map. Expand a row to inspect the topic groups on each side.Bridges can reveal useful research angles that are easy to miss in a flat list of related terms.
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