RC4

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Description

Pseudorandom stream of bits XORed Involution One-time pad Permutation

29 related topics

Security

ESTREAM Nonce Hashing Related-key attacks Fluhrer, Mantin and Shamir attack

30 related topics

History

Ronald Rivest RSA Security Trade secret Cypherpunks Sci.crypt

11 related topics

RC4-based protocols

AES-CCMP BitTorrent protocol encryption Microsoft Office XP Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption Secure Shell

10 related topics

Key facts & relationships

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Designers: Ron Rivest (RSA Security)
First published: Leaked in 1994 (designed in 1987)
Key sizes: 40–2048 bits
Rounds: 1
Speed: 7 cycles per byte on original Pentium Modified Alleged RC4 on Intel Core 2: 13.9 cycles per byte
State size: 2064 bits (1684 effective)

Topics to explore

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Overview

Cryptography
Stream cipher
Keystream
Protocols Cryptographic protocol
WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy
TLS protocol Transport Layer Security
IETF
RFC RFC (identifier)
Mozilla
Microsoft
VMPC Variably Modified Permutation Composition

History

Ronald Rivest Ron Rivest
RSA Security
Trade secret
Cypherpunks Cypherpunk
Sci.crypt
Newsgroup
Broken Distinguishing attack
Bob Jenkins Robert John Jenkins Junior
English Wikipedia
WPA Wi-Fi Protected Access
SSL Secure Sockets Layer

Description

Pseudorandom stream of bits Pseudo-random number generator
XORed Exclusive or
Involution Involution (mathematics)
One-time pad
Permutation
Bytes
Key Key (cryptography)
Key-scheduling Key schedule
Key length
Identity permutation
Mod Modulo operation
Swap values Swap (computer science)
Operating systems Operating system
OpenBSD OpenBSD security features
/dev/random
Man pages Man page
Backronym
Rand()
Linear congruential pseudo-random number generator
ChaCha20
FreeBSD
NetBSD
Glibc
MacOS
IOS
Linear-feedback shift registers Linear-feedback shift register
Bitwise AND
ASCII
Hexadecimal

Security

ESTREAM
Nonce Cryptographic nonce
Hashing Cryptographic hash function
Related-key attacks Related-key attack
Fluhrer, Mantin and Shamir attack
Malleable Malleability (cryptography)
Block ciphers Block cipher
Message authentication code
Bit-flipping attack
Stream cipher attack
BEAST attack
Cipher-block chaining mode Block cipher modes of operation
Initialization vector
Adi Shamir
Souradyuti Paul
Bart Preneel
COSIC
Fluhrer Scott Fluhrer?action=edit&redlink=1
Itsik Mantin Itsik Mantin?action=edit&redlink=1
802.11
Wireless networks Wireless network
IEEE 802.11i
Erik Tews Erik Tews?action=edit&redlink=1
Ralf-Philipp Weinmann Ralf-Philipp Weinmann?action=edit&redlink=1
Andrei Pychkine Andrei Pychkine?action=edit&redlink=1
Royal Holloway, University of London
Cipher block chaining
KU Leuven Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
WPA-TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
HTTP cookie

RC4 variants

RC4-based protocols

AES-CCMP
BitTorrent protocol encryption
Microsoft Office XP
Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption
Secure Shell
Remote Desktop Protocol
Kerberos Kerberos (protocol)
SASL Simple Authentication and Security Layer
PDF Portable Document Format
Skype

Advanced semantic analysis

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Map overview Semantic statistics

Nodes101

Edges100

Triples239

Avg. degree1.98

Density0.019802

Components1

How this topic connects Entity context

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RC4

Top relations

related to External links · 36

RC4 → Arcfour, Archived, Attacks, Attacks On RC4, CryptoBytes, Cypherpunks, Entry, Fall, February, Fluhrer, I-D, IETF, Improved Arcfour Modes, January, Key Scheduling Algorithm, Mantin, November, Original, PostScript, Prohibiting RC4 Cipher SuitesKaukonen

related to history · 20

RC4 → According, ARC4, ARCFOUR, Because, Bob Jenkins, Cypherpunks, English Wikipedia, From, Internet, It, RC, RC2, RC5, RC6, Rivest, Ron's Code, Ronald Rivest, RSA Security, September, The

related to Further reading · 17

RC4 → Algorithms, Applied Cryptography, Bruce, Chapter, CRC Press, Goutam, ISBN, Its Variants, Other Stream Ciphers, Paul, Protocols, RC4 Stream Cipher, Real Random-Sequence Generators, Schneier, Source Code, Subhamoy Maitra, Wiley

related to RC4-based protocols · 15

RC4 → AES-CCMP, BitTorrent, Kerberos, Microsoft Point-to-Point EncryptionTransport Layer, Office XP, PDFSkype, Remote Desktop Protocol, RFC, SASL Mechanism Digest-MD5, Secure Shell, Secure Sockets Layer, Security, WEPTKIP, Where, WPA

related to Fluhrer, Mantin and Shamir attack · 13

RC4 → Fluhrer, IEEE, If, In, Mantin, Protocols, RC4-drop, Shamir, Such, The SCAN, This, WEP, WPA

related to Security · 13

RC4 → Because RC4, Fluhrer, However, If, MAC, Mantin, One, RC4's, Shamir, The, This, Unlike, WEP

related to NOMORE attack · 11

RC4 → Dubbed, HTTP, In, KU Leuven, NOMORE, Numerous Occurrence MOnitoring, Recovery Exploit, The, Their, TLS, WPA-TKIP

related to Roos' biases and key reconstruction from permutation · 11

RC4 → Andrew Roos, Goutam Paul, In, KSA, Roos-type, Siddheshwar Rathi, Subhamoy Maitra, Subsequently, The, These, This

related to Klein's attack · 10

RC4 → Andreas Klein, Andrei Pychkine, Erik Tews, Fluhrer, In, Mantin, Ralf-Philipp Weinmann, Shamir, WEP, Whereas

related to RC4-based random number generators · 10

RC4 → API, ARC4, As, Man, OpenBSD, Random, Replacement Call, Several, The, The API

Important terminology Word statistics

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Important terminology

key stream used bytes keystream attack cipher algorithm output number tls also permutation use wep 256 mantin first state shamir

Entity relationships Subject–Predicate–Object triples

Subject	Predicate	Object	Confidence	Src
RC4	Designers	Ron Rivest (RSA Security)	1.00	infobox
RC4	First published	Leaked in 1994 (designed in 1987)	1.00	infobox
RC4	Key sizes	40–2048 bits	1.00	infobox
RC4	Rounds	1	1.00	infobox
RC4	Speed	7 cycles per byte on original Pentium Modified Alleged RC4 on Intel Core 2: 13.9 cycles per byte	1.00	infobox
RC4	State size	2064 bits (1684 effective)	1.00	infobox
RC4	is a	stream cipher	0.90	text
the obsolete WEP protocol historically used to secure WiFi networks.There has long been speculation that some state cryptologic agencies may possess the capability to break RC4 when used in the TLS protocol	instance of	Particularly problematic uses of RC4 have led to insecure protocols	0.80	text
SHA-3	instance of	Spritz performs rather slowly compared to other hash functions	0.80	text
the best known hardware implementation of RC4.Like other sponge functions	instance of	Spritz performs rather slowly compared to other hash functions	0.80	text
Spritz can be used to build a cryptographic hash function	instance of	Spritz performs rather slowly compared to other hash functions	0.80	text
a deterministic random bit generator	instance of	Spritz performs rather slowly compared to other hash functions	0.80	text

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